Oracle 12c Relocate PDB

在oracle 12.2中可以对pdb执行relocate失踪,下面的例子将介绍对远程CDB中将名为jypdb的PDB进行迁移操作。假设满足以下条件:
.当前用户在被迁移PDB所在的CDB的root容器中有create pluggable database系统权限

.目标CDB连接PDB当前CDB的dblink名为jycdb_link。dblink的创建语句如下:

create public database link jycdb_link connect to c##yyl
identified by "yyl" using 'jy';

PDB的当前CDB中的公共用户c##yyl有sysoper管理权限与create pluggable database系统权限

.不指定path_prefix子句

.不指定file_name_convert与create_file_dest子句。当启用OMF或设置pdb_file_name_convert参数时,基于OMF的配置或参数的设置文件会被移动到新目录。

.对PDB不指定存储限制。因此不指定storage子句

.在目标目录中不存在相同名字的temp文件,那么新的temp文件会被创建。因此不指定tempfile reuse子句。

.连接会被自动从源PDB迁移到迁移后的PDB。因此指定availability max子句。

执行以下语句来将PDB(jypdb)从远程CDB迁移到当前CDB中:
1.在远程CDB中创建公共用户c##yyl

SQL> create user c##yyl identified by "yyl" container=all;

User created.

SQL> grant sysoper,connect,resource,create pluggable database to c##yyl container=all;

Grant succeeded.

2.检查远程CDB是否使用本地undo与归档

SQL> COLUMN property_name FORMAT A30
SQL> COLUMN property_value FORMAT A30
SQL>
SQL> SELECT property_name, property_value
  2  FROM   database_properties
  3  WHERE  property_name = 'LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED';

PROPERTY_NAME                  PROPERTY_VALUE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED             TRUE


SQL> SELECT log_mode FROM   v$database;

LOG_MODE
------------
ARCHIVELOG

因为远程CDB使用本地undo与归档,因此不需要将远程数据库设置为只读模式

3.在本地CDB(jy)中创建指定远和CBD(jy)的dblink。连接串中要包含(SERVER=DEDICATED)条目录,否则会收到 “ORA-01031: insufficient privileges”错误

SQL> create public database link jycdb
  2    connect to c##yyl identified by "yyl"
  3    using '(DESCRIPTION =
  4      (ADDRESS_LIST =
  5        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =10.138.130.173)(PORT = 1521))
  6      )
  7      (CONNECT_DATA =
  8        (SERVER = DEDICATED)
  9        (SERVICE_NAME =jy)
 10      )
 11    )';

Database link created.


SQL> select * from dual@jycdb;

D
-
X

4.检查本地CDB是否使用了本地undo与归档

SQL> COLUMN property_name FORMAT A30
SQL> COLUMN property_value FORMAT A30
SQL>
SQL> SELECT property_name, property_value
  2  FROM   database_properties
  3  WHERE  property_name = 'LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED';

PROPERTY_NAME                  PROPERTY_VALUE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED             TRUE

SQL> SELECT log_mode FROM   v$database;

LOG_MODE
------------
ARCHIVELOG

5.在本地CDB执行下面的语句来克隆可刷新的PDB

SQL> create pluggable database jypdb from jypdb@jycdb relocate availability max;

Pluggable database created.
SQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

NAME                                                                                                                             OPEN_MODE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
PDB$SEED                                                                                                                         READ ONLY
JYPDB                                                                                                                            READ WRITE

以read write方式来打开PDB以完成迁移操作

SQL> alter pluggable database jypdb open;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter session set container=jypdb;

Session altered.

SQL> set long 200
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

NAME                                                                                                                             OPEN_MODE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
JYPDB                                                                                                                            READ WRITE

删除公共dblink

SQL> drop public database link jycdb;

Database link dropped.

检查远程PDB可以看到已经被删除了

SQL> alter session set container=jypdb;

Session altered.

SQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

no rows selected

Oracle 12c Refreshable Clone

这个例子将介绍通过克隆一个远程PDB(jypdb)来创建一个目标PDB(ycpdb)。这种克隆是对源PDB的一种可以刷新的副本,它意味着对源PDB所执行的任何改变都可以通过刷新来对目标PDB进行更新。这里假设满足以下条件:
.连接到远程PDB(jypdb)的dblink为jypdb_link
.不使用path_prefix子句
.不使用file_name_convert与create_file_dest子句,如果启用了OMF,或者设置了pdb_file_name_convert参数。那么基于OMF或参数设置
文件将会被复制到新指定的目录中
.对PBD不使用存储限制。因此不使用storage子句
.这里没有与新temp文件同名的文件存在,因此新的temp文件会创建到目标目录中。因此不用指定tempfile reuse子句。
.刷新克隆将会每隔10分钟自动刷新。记住,为了创建一个可刷新的PDB,源PDB必须启用archivelog模式与本地undo模式。

1.在目标数据库CDB(jy)中创建指向源PBD(jypdb)的dblink

SQL> create public database link  jypdb_link
  2    connect to system identified by "cs"
  3    using '(DESCRIPTION =
  4      (ADDRESS_LIST =
  5        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =10.10.13.17)(PORT = 1521))
  6      )
  7      (CONNECT_DATA =
  8        (SERVER = DEDICATED)
  9        (SERVICE_NAME =jypdb)
 10      )
 11    )';
Database link created

2.检查源pdb是否启用arachivelog与本地undo

SQL> col PROPERTY_NAME for a25;
SQL> col PROPERTY_VALUE for a25;
SQL> select PROPERTY_NAME,PROPERTY_VALUE from database_properties where property_name='LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED';

PROPERTY_NAME             PROPERTY_VALUE
------------------------- -------------------------
LOCAL_UNDO_ENABLED        TRUE

SQL> archive log list
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            +DATA/arch
Oldest online log sequence     251
Next log sequence to archive   253
Current log sequence           253

3.在目标数据库CDB(jy)执行下面的语句来克隆可刷新的PDB

SQL> create pluggable database ycpdb from jypdb@jypdb_link refresh mode every 10 minutes;

Pluggable database created.

4.在源数据库中对表jy.jy_test与jy.test插入数据与删除数据

SQL> select * from jy.jy_test;

   USER_ID
----------
         2
         1

SQL> select * from jy.test;

   USER_ID
----------
         2
         1


SQL> insert into jy.jy_test values(3);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> delete from jy.test where rownum<2;

1 row deleted.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> host date
Fri Aug 25 01:58:40 CST 2017

5.十分钟后我们在目标数据库ycpdb中来查询数据是否被刷新到目标数据库ycpdb中
5.1先将pdb(ycpdb)以read only模式打开

SQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPEN_MODE
----------
YCPDB
MOUNTED


SQL> alter  pluggable database ycpdb open read only;

Pluggable database altered.

5.2再来查看数据是否被刷新,从下面的结果可以看到数据已经被刷新了。

SQL> select * from jy.jy_test;

   USER_ID
----------
         2
         3
         1

SQL> select * from jy.test;

   USER_ID
----------
         1

6.为了与源pdb(jypdb)进行同步我们需要将目标pdb设置为close状态

SQL> alter  pluggable database ycpdb close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;


NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPEN_MODE
----------
YCPDB
MOUNTED

我们还可以手动刷新目标pdb

SQL> alter  pluggable database ycpdb close immediate;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL> alter pluggable database refresh;

Pluggable database altered.

Oracle 12c 手动创建CDB

使用create database创建CDB的具体操作如下:
1.指定实例标识(SID)
ORACLE_SID环境变量被用来区分不同的实例。
1.决定实例的唯一标识SID
2.打开命令窗口
3.设置ORACLE_SID环境变量

在Unix/Linux下设置ORACLE_SID环境变量如下:
export ORACLE_SID=mynewdb

setenv ORACLE_SID=mynewdb

在Windows下设置ORACLE_SID环境变量如下:
set ORACLE_SID=mynewdb

2.确保所需的环境变量被设置
依赖于平台,在启动SQL*Plus之后,可能需要设置相关的环境变量,或者验证相关的设置。例如,在大多数平台中,ORACLE_SID与ORACLE_HOME必须设置。另外,建议PATH环境变量包含ORACLE_HOME/bin目录。在Unix/Linux平
台中,必须手动设置这些环境变量。在Windows平台中,OUI会自动设置ORACLE_HOME与ORACLE_SID。如果在安装期间不创建数据库,OUI不会设置ORACLE_SID,并且在之后创建数据库时必须要设置ORACLE_SID环境变量。

3.选择数据库管理员审核方法
为了创建数据库,用户必须被审核并且被授予相关的系统权限。审核方法有以下两种:
.使用密码文件
.使用操作系统审核

4.创建初始化参数文件
当Oracle实例启动时,它将读取初始化参数文件。这个参数文件可以是文本文件可以使用文本编辑器进行编辑,或者是二进制文件,可以由数据库进行动态修改。二进制参数文件也叫服务器参数文件。对于这一步操作,可以先创建一个文本参数文件,之后通过文本参数文件来创建服务器参数文件。

5.创建实例只限于Windows平台
对于Windows平台,在连接实例之前,必须手动创建实例。ORADIM命令就是用来创建新实例,其语法如下:oradim -NEW -SID sid -STARTMODE MANUAL -PFILE file.注意在创建新实例时,不要将-STARTMODE参数指定为AUTO,因为这会造成新实例启动与mount数据库,而这时数据库是不存在的。

6.连接实例
启动SQL*Plus并且使用有sysdba权限的用户连接到数据库实例。
.使用密码文件进行审核,输入以下命令并输入sys用户的密码
$sqlplus /nolog
SQL>connect sys as sysdba

.使用操作系统审核,输入以下命令
$sqlplus /nolog
SQL>conn / as sysdba

7.创建服务器参数文件
服务器参数文件能通过alter system命令来修改参数,并且这种修改会永久生效。可以通过文本参数文件来创建服务器参数文件。

8.启动实例
启动实例但不mount数据库执行以下命令
startup nomount

9.使用create database语句来创建CDB
当使用create database语句来创建CDB时,必须在操作CDB之前完成额外的操作。这些操作包含对数据字典表创建视图,安装标准的PL/SQL包。执行catcdb.sql脚本。

使用create database语句来创建语句需要注意
9.1 将enable_pluggable_database参数设置为true。在CDB中,db_name参数指定root的名称。将SID设置为root名称是常见的做法。这个名称最多有30个字符。

9.2使用create database语句来创建新的CDB。
9.2.1 不使用OMF来创建CDB

9.2.2 使用OMF来创建CDB

不使用OMF来创建CDB
下面的例子将介绍如何不使用OMF功能来创建CDB
1.设置SID

[root@jytest3 ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Fri Aug  4 15:07:33 CST 2017
[oracle@jytest3 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=test

2.创建密码文件

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwtest password=abcdefg format=12.2 entries=20

3.创建初始化参数

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ vi inittest.ora
db_name='test'
memory_target=4G
memory_max_target=4G
control_files='+data/test/controlfile/testcdb/control01.ctl','+data/test/controlfile/testcdb/control02.ctl'
enable_pluggable_database=true

4.启动实例但不mount

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=test
[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 4 20:59:37 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittest.ora' nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4294967296 bytes
Fixed Size                  8628936 bytes
Variable Size            2315257144 bytes
Database Buffers         1962934272 bytes
Redo Buffers                8146944 bytes

5.执行create database语句来创建CDB
下面的语句将创建一个名为test的CDB数据库。这个名字与参数文件中的db_name同名。并且满足以下条件:
.已经设置control_files参数
.创建了+data/test/datafile/testcdb目录
.创建了+data/test/datafile/pdbseed目录
.创建了+data/test/onlinelog/testcdb目录

为了创建包含root与CDB seed的CDB库在create database语句中包含了enable pluggable database子句。在这个例子还包含了seed file_name_convert子句来指定CDB seed文件的文件名与目录。

SQL> create database test
  2  user sys identified by xxzx_7817600
  3  user system identified by xxzx_7817600
  4  logfile group 1 ('+data/test/onlinelog/testcdb/redo01.log')
  5  size 100m blocksize 512,
  6  group 2 ('+data/test/onlinelog/testcdb/redo02.log')
  7  size 100m blocksize 512,
  8  group 3 ('+data/test/onlinelog/testcdb/redo03.log')
  9  size 100m blocksize 512
 10  maxloghistory 1
 11  maxlogfiles 16
 12  maxlogmembers 3
 13  maxdatafiles 1024
 14  character set al32utf8
 15  national character set al16utf16
 16  extent management local
 17  datafile '+data/test/datafile/testcdb/system01.dbf'
 18  size 700m reuse autoextend on next 10240k maxsize unlimited
 19  sysaux datafile '+data/test/datafile/testcdb/sysaux01.dbf'
 20  size 550m reuse autoextend on next 10240k maxsize unlimited
 21  default tablespace deftbs
 22  datafile '+data/test/datafile/testcdb/deftbs01.dbf'
 23  size 500m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited
 24  default temporary tablespace tempts1
 25  tempfile '+data/test/datafile/testcdb/temp01.dbf'
 26  size 20m reuse autoextend on next 640k maxsize unlimited
 27  undo tablespace undotbs1
 28  datafile '+data/test/datafile/testcdb/undotbs01.dbf'
 29  size 200m reuse autoextend on next 5120k maxsize unlimited
 30  enable pluggable database
 31  seed file_name_convert = ('+data/test/datafile/testcdb/','+data/test/datafile/pdbseed/')
 32  local undo on;

Database created.

6.执行脚本$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql
SQL>
SQL> Rem The script relies on the caller to have connected to the DB
SQL>
SQL> Rem This script invokes catcdb.pl that does all the work, so we just need to
SQL> Rem construct strings for $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin and
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME
SQL> column oracle_home new_value oracle_home noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'oracle_home') as oracle_home from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem OS-dependent slash
SQL> column slash new_value slash noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'platform_slash') as slash from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
SQL> column rdbms_admin new_value rdbms_admin noprint
SQL> select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual;
old   1: select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db'||'/'||'rdbms'||'/'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL> column rdbms_admin_catcdb new_value rdbms_admin_catcdb noprint
SQL> select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual;
old   1: select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin'||'/'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual




SQL>
SQL> host perl -I &&rdbms_admin &&rdbms_admin_catcdb --logDirectory &&1 --logFilename &&2
Enter value for 1:
Enter value for 2:
Can't locate Term/ReadKey.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadKey module) (@INC contains: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.22.0/x86_64-linux /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.22.0 /usr/lib/perl5/5.22.0/x86_64-linux /usr/lib/perl5/5.22.0 .) at /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl line 30.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl line 30.

对于这种错误参考了杨建荣的解决方法,抛出的错误提示找不到ReadKey.pm,Linux,Unix其实都是自带Perl的,但这里需要的文件在$ORACLE_HOME下的Perl目录,只需要把这个目录引用到PATH变量中就可以了,比如:
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin
[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=test
[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 4 22:12:56 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql
SQL>
SQL> Rem The script relies on the caller to have connected to the DB
SQL>
SQL> Rem This script invokes catcdb.pl that does all the work, so we just need to
SQL> Rem construct strings for $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin and
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME
SQL> column oracle_home new_value oracle_home noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'oracle_home') as oracle_home from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem OS-dependent slash
SQL> column slash new_value slash noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'platform_slash') as slash from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
SQL> column rdbms_admin new_value rdbms_admin noprint
SQL> select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual;
old   1: select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db'||'/'||'rdbms'||'/'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL> column rdbms_admin_catcdb new_value rdbms_admin_catcdb noprint
SQL> select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual;
old   1: select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin'||'/'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual




SQL>
SQL> host perl -I &&rdbms_admin &&rdbms_admin_catcdb --logDirectory &&1 --logFilename &&2
Enter value for 1:
Enter value for 2:
Can't locate util.pm in @INC (you may need to install the util module) (@INC contains: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/site_perl/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/site_perl/5.22.0 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0 .) at /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl line 35.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl line 35.

这个问题把util改为Util


[oracle@jytest3 ~]$  find $ORACLE_HOME -name util.pm | wc -l
0

[oracle@jytest3 ~]$ find $ORACLE_HOME -name Util.pm | wc -l
5
[oracle@jytest3 ~]$ find $ORACLE_HOME -name Util.pm
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Hash/Util.pm
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/List/Util.pm
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Scalar/Util.pm
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Sub/Util.pm
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/site_perl/5.22.0/HTTP/Headers/Util.pm

这个过程中到底该选哪个目录下的Util.pm呢,如果多点耐心仔细看看里面的内容还是能够找到一些头绪的,最后选择的是:

/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/perl/lib/5.22.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Hash/Util.pm

需要手工修改catcdb.pl脚本
那么问题来了,这个catcdb.pl脚本是不是要改动呢。修改文件catcdb.pl,把下面的util修改为Util

use Term::ReadKey; # to not echo password
use Getopt::Long;
use Cwd;
use File::Spec;
use Data::Dumper;
use Utilqw(trim, splitToArray);
use catcon qw(catconSqlplus);

再来一轮测试,结果发现还是会有报错,这种尝试会让你开始怀疑自己的选择到底是不是正确的方向。如果还是没有找到,说明在当前的环境变量中没有匹配到相关的内容,我们需要直接切换到目录Hash下,然后运行脚本才可以,这个时候输出才算有了改观,提示你输入密码。

[oracle@jytest3 Hash]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 4 22:25:23 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem $Header: rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql /main/7 2016/06/23 11:38:38 akruglik Exp $
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem catcdb.sql
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem Copyright (c) 2013, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
SQL> Rem All rights reserved.
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem    NAME
SQL> Rem         catcdb.sql - 
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem    DESCRIPTION
SQL> Rem         invoke catcdb.pl
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem    NOTES
SQL> Rem         
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem    PARAMETERS:
SQL> Rem         - log directory
SQL> Rem         - base for log file name
SQL> Rem
SQL> Rem    MODIFIED   (MM/DD/YY)
SQL> Rem    akruglik    06/21/16 - Bug 22752041: pass --logDirectory and
SQL> Rem                           --logFilename to catcdb.pl
SQL> Rem    akruglik    11/10/15 - use catcdb.pl to collect passowrds and pass them
SQL> Rem                           on to catcdb_int.sql using env vars
SQL> Rem    aketkar     04/30/14 - remove SQL file metadata
SQL> Rem    cxie        08/16/13 - remove SQL_PHASE
SQL> Rem    cxie        07/10/13 - 17033183: add shipped_file metadata
SQL> Rem    cxie        03/19/13 - create CDB with all options installed
SQL> Rem    cxie        03/19/13 - Created
SQL> Rem
SQL>
SQL> set echo on
SQL>
SQL> Rem The script relies on the caller to have connected to the DB
SQL>
SQL> Rem This script invokes catcdb.pl that does all the work, so we just need to
SQL> Rem construct strings for $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin and
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME
SQL> column oracle_home new_value oracle_home noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'oracle_home') as oracle_home from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem OS-dependent slash
SQL> column slash new_value slash noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'platform_slash') as slash from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
SQL> column rdbms_admin new_value rdbms_admin noprint
SQL> select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual;
old   1: select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db'||'/'||'rdbms'||'/'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL> column rdbms_admin_catcdb new_value rdbms_admin_catcdb noprint
SQL> select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual;
old   1: select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin'||'/'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual




SQL>
SQL> host perl -I &&rdbms_admin &&rdbms_admin_catcdb --logDirectory &&1 --logFilename &&2
Enter new password for SYS: xxzx_7817600
Enter new password for SYSTEM: xxzx_7817600
Enter temporary tablespace name: tempts1
No options to container mapping specified, no options will be installed in any containers
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catalog_catcon_27898.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catalog*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catalog_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catproc_catcon_3352.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catproc*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catproc_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catoctk_catcon_9051.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catoctk*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catoctk_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/owminst_catcon_9233.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/owminst*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/owminst_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11572.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11761.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
validate_script_path: sqlplus script /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld does not exist or is unreadable
catconExec: empty Path returned by validate_script_path for
    SrcDir = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help, FileName = hlpbld
catcon.pl: Unexpected error encountered in catconExec; exiting
exec_DB_script: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11761_exec_DB_script.done did not need to be deleted before running a script
exec_DB_script: opened Reader and Writer
exec_DB_script: connected
exec_DB_script: executed set echo on

exec_DB_script: executed @@/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_kill_sess_11761_ALL.sql

exec_DB_script: sent
host sqlplus -v > /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11761_exec_DB_script.done to Writer
exec_DB_script: sent -exit- to Writer
exec_DB_script: closed Writer
exec_DB_script: marker was undefined; read and ignore output, if any
exec_DB_script: finished reading and ignoring output
exec_DB_script: waiting for child process to exit
exec_DB_script: child process exited
sureunlink: unlink(/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11761_exec_DB_script.done) succeeded after 1 attempt(s)
sureunlink: verify that the file really no longer exists
sureunlink: confirmed that /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11761_exec_DB_script.done no longer exists after 1 attempts
exec_DB_script: deleted /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_11761_exec_DB_script.done after running a script
exec_DB_script: closed Reader
exec_DB_script: waitpid returned
kill_sqlplus_sessions: output produced in exec_DB_script [

    SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Aug 5 00:30:52 2017

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

    SQL> Connected.
    SQL> SQL> SQL>
    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '78,1729' force timeout 0 -- process 11802
      2  /

    System altered.

    SQL>
    SQL> SQL>
    SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
  ] end of output produced in exec_DB_script
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catclust_catcon_11824.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catclust*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catclust_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catfinal_catcon_12430.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catfinal*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catfinal_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catbundleapply_catcon_12604.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catbundleapply*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catbundleapply_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/utlrp_catcon_12789.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/utlrp*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/utlrp_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully

使用OMF来创建CDB
下面的例子将介绍如何使用OMF功能来创建CDB
1.设置SID

[root@jytest3 ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Fri Aug  4 15:07:33 CST 2017
[oracle@jytest3 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=cs

2.创建密码文件

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwcs password=xxzx_7817600 format=12.2 entries=20

3.创建初始化参数

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ vi inittest.ora
db_name='cs'
memory_target=4G
memory_max_target=4G
control_files='+data/cs/controlfile/control01.ctl','+data/cs/controlfile/control02.ctl'
enable_pluggable_database=true
db_create_file_dest=+data

4.启动实例但不mount

[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=cs
[oracle@jytest3 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Aug 4 20:59:37 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initcs.ora' nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4294967296 bytes
Fixed Size                  8628936 bytes
Variable Size            2315257144 bytes
Database Buffers         1962934272 bytes
Redo Buffers                8146944 bytes

5.执行create database语句来创建CDB
下面的语句将创建一个名为cs的CDB数据库。这个名字与参数文件中的db_name同名。为了创建包含root与CDB seed的CDB库在create database语句中包含了enable pluggable database子句。在这个例子还包含了
seed tablespace datafiles子句来指定CDB seed文件的文件名与目录。

SQL> create database cs
  2  user sys identified by xxzx_7817600
  3  user system identified by xxzx_7817600
  4  extent management local
  5  default tablespace users
  6  default temporary tablespace temp
  7  undo tablespace undotbs1
  8  enable pluggable database
  9  seed
 10  system datafiles size 125m autoextend on next 10m maxsize unlimited
 11  sysaux datafiles size 100m;

Database created.

6.执行脚本$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.sql
SQL>
SQL> Rem The script relies on the caller to have connected to the DB
SQL>
SQL> Rem This script invokes catcdb.pl that does all the work, so we just need to
SQL> Rem construct strings for $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin and
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME
SQL> column oracle_home new_value oracle_home noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'oracle_home') as oracle_home from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem OS-dependent slash
SQL> column slash new_value slash noprint
SQL> select sys_context('userenv', 'platform_slash') as slash from dual;




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
SQL> column rdbms_admin new_value rdbms_admin noprint
SQL> select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual;
old   1: select '&&oracle_home'||'&&slash'||'rdbms'||'&&slash'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db'||'/'||'rdbms'||'/'||'admin' as rdbms_admin from dual




SQL>
SQL> Rem $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcdb.pl
SQL> column rdbms_admin_catcdb new_value rdbms_admin_catcdb noprint
SQL> select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual;
old   1: select '&&rdbms_admin'||'&&slash'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual
new   1: select '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/admin'||'/'||'catcdb.pl' as rdbms_admin_catcdb from dual




SQL>
SQL> host perl -I &&rdbms_admin &&rdbms_admin_catcdb --logDirectory &&1 --logFilename &&2
Enter value for 1: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log
Enter value for 2: cs.log
Enter new password for SYS: xxzx_7817600
Enter new password for SYSTEM: xxzx_7817600
Enter temporary tablespace name: temp
No options to container mapping specified, no options will be installed in any containers
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catalog_catcon_17898.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catalog*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catalog_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catproc_catcon_25615.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catproc*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catproc_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catoctk_catcon_32295.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catoctk*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catoctk_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/owminst_catcon_32474.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/owminst*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/owminst_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2305.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2530.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
validate_script_path: sqlplus script /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld does not exist or is unreadable
catconExec: empty Path returned by validate_script_path for
    SrcDir = /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help, FileName = hlpbld
catcon.pl: Unexpected error encountered in catconExec; exiting
exec_DB_script: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2530_exec_DB_script.done did not need to be deleted before running a script
exec_DB_script: opened Reader and Writer
exec_DB_script: connected
exec_DB_script: executed set echo on

exec_DB_script: executed @@/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_kill_sess_2530_ALL.sql

exec_DB_script: sent
host sqlplus -v > /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2530_exec_DB_script.done to Writer
exec_DB_script: sent -exit- to Writer
exec_DB_script: closed Writer
exec_DB_script: marker was undefined; read and ignore output, if any
exec_DB_script: finished reading and ignoring output
exec_DB_script: waiting for child process to exit
exec_DB_script: child process exited
sureunlink: unlink(/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2530_exec_DB_script.done) succeeded after 1 attempt(s)
sureunlink: verify that the file really no longer exists
sureunlink: confirmed that /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2530_exec_DB_script.done no longer exists after 1 attempts
exec_DB_script: deleted /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/pupbld_catcon_2530_exec_DB_script.done after running a script
exec_DB_script: closed Reader
exec_DB_script: waitpid returned
kill_sqlplus_sessions: output produced in exec_DB_script [

    SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Aug 5 04:04:00 2017

    Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

    SQL> Connected.
    SQL> SQL> SQL>
    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '144,61245' force timeout 0 -- process 2602
      2  /

    System altered.

    SQL>
    SQL> SQL>
    SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
  ] end of output produced in exec_DB_script
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catclust_catcon_2620.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catclust*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catclust_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catfinal_catcon_3402.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catfinal*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catfinal_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catbundleapply_catcon_3568.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catbundleapply*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/catbundleapply_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/utlrp_catcon_3726.lst]
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/utlrp*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db/rdbms/log/utlrp_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
catcon.pl: completed successfully

Oracle分布式系统中的全局数据库名

在分布式系统中,每个数据库都有一个唯一的全局数据库名。全局数据库名能唯一标识系统中的一个数据库。在分布式系统中一个主要的任务就是创建与管理全局数据库名。

1.全局数据库名的组成
一个全局数据库名由两部分组成:一个数据库名与一个域名。在数据库创建时数据库名与域名是由以下参数来决定的。
数据库名:db_name 小于等于30个字符,例如sales
域名: db_domain 必须遵守标准互联网规则。域名中的级别必须通过点号进行分隔并且域名的顺序是从叶子到根,从左到右。

db_domain参数只是在数据库创建时被使用的一个很重要的参数,它与db_name参数一起来决定全局数据库名。全局数据库名是被存储在数据字典中。必须通过alter database语句来改变全局数据库名,不能通过修改参数文件中的db_domain参数来进行修改。

决定是否强制执行全局数据库名
在本地数据库中创建数据链路指定名称时会根据是否强制执行全局数据库名来生成链路名。如果本地数据库强制执行全局数据库名,那么你必须像使用远程数据库全局数据库名作为数据链路名。例如,如果连接到本地数据库hq,并且想创建一个连接到远程数据库的mfg的数据链路,并且本地数据库强制执行全局数据库名,那么必须使用mfg全局数据库名作为链路名。

在创建数据链路时也可以使用服务名作为数据库链路名的一部分。例如,如果使用服务名sn1和sn2来连接数据库hq.example.com,并且全局数据库名被强制执行时,那么可以对数据库hq创建以下链路名:
hq.example.com@sn1
hq.example.com@sn2

为了判断数据库是否启用了全局数据库名,可以检查数据库初始化参数文件或查询v$parameter视图。例如,为了查看对数据库mfg是否强制执行全局数据库名,可以执行以下语句来进行查询:

SQL> col name format a12
SQL> col value format a6
SQL> select name, value from v$parameter  where name = 'global_names'
  2  /

NAME         VALUE
------------ ------
global_names FALSE

查看全局数据库名
可以查询视图global_name来查看全局数据库名

SQL> select * from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JYPDB

修改全局数据库名中的域名
可以使用alter database语句来改变全局数据库名中的域名。在数据库创建之后,修改db_domain参数不会影响全局数据库名或数据库链路名。下面的例子显示重命名全局数据库名的语句,database是数据库名,domain是网络域名:

alter database rename global_name to database.domain;

修改全局数据库名的操作如下:
1.判断当前的全局数据库名:

SQL> select * from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JY

2.执行alter database语句来修改全局数据库名

SQL> alter database rename global_name to jy.jydba.net;

Database altered.

3.查询视图global_name来检查新的全局数据库

SQL> select * from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JY.JYDBA.NET

4.修改全局数据库名中的域名
使用alter database语句来修改全避数据库名中的域名。在数据库创建之后,修改初始化参数db_domain不会影响全局数据库名或对数据库链路名的解析。下面的例子显示了修改全局数据库名的语法,database是数据库名,domain是网络域名:

alter database rename global_name to database.domain;

使用下面的过程来修改全局数据库名中的域名:
1.判断当前全局数据库名。

SQL> select * from global_name;
GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JY.JYDBA.NET

2.使用alter database语句来修改全局数据库名

SQL> alter database rename global_name to jy.changde.net;
Database altered

3.查询global_name表来检查新的全局数据库名

SQL> select * from global_name;
GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JY.CHANGDE.NET

下面将介绍修改全局数据库名的场景
在这种情况下,可以修改本地数据库的全局数据库名中的域名部分。也可以使用全局名来创建数据链路来测试数据库是如何解析链路名的。

1.连接到jy.jydba.net并查询global_name数据字典视图来判断当前的数据为全局名:

SQL> select * from global_name;
GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JY.JYDBA.NET

2.查询v$parameter视图来判断db_domain参数的当前值

SQL> select name, value from v$parameter where name = 'db_domain';
NAME                            VALUE
------------------------------- ----------------
db_domain

3.创建一个连接到数据库sjjh的数据链路,保指定全局名的一部分:

SQL> create database link dblink_test using 'sjjh';
Database link created

数据库会通过将本地数据库的全局数据库名中的域名部分增加到数据链路的全局名中

4.查询user_db_links来判断数据链路的域名

SQL> select db_link from user_db_links;
DB_LINK
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DBLINK_TEST.JYDBA.NET

查询结果显示,本地数据库的全局名中的域名jydba.net被用来作为数据链路的域名

5.因为要将数据库jy移到changde.net这个域中,所以执行以下操作

SQL> alter database rename global_name to jy.changde.net;
Database altered

SQL> select * from global_name;
GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
JY.CHANGDE.NET

6.查询v$parameter发现db_domain参数并没有修改

SQL> select name, value from v$parameter where name = 'db_domain';
NAME                            VALUE
------------------------------- ----------------
db_domain

这也就说明了db_domain参数是独立于alter database rename global_name语句的。alter database语句决定了全局数据库名中的域名。

7.可以创建另一个数据链路来连接数据库sjjh,并查询user_db_links来查看数据链路中的域名

SQL> create database link dblink_cs using 'sjjh';
Database link created

SQL> select db_link from user_db_links;
DB_LINK
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DBLINK_CS.CHANGDE.NET
DBLINK_TEST.JYDBA.NET

可以看到新创建的数据链路的域名,是使用当前本地数据库全局数据库名中的域名。