MySQL NDB API统计计数器和变量

NDB API统计计数器和变量
与 Ndb 对象执行的操作或影响 Ndb 对象的多种类型的统计计数器可用。此类操作包括启动和关闭(或中止)事务;主键和唯一键操作;表、范 围和修剪扫描;在等待各种操作完成时被阻塞的线程;以及 NDBCLUSTER 发送和接收的数据和事件。每当调用 NDB API 或向数据节点发送或接 收数据时,NDB 内核内部都会递增这些计数器。mysqld 将这些计数器作为系统状态变量公开;其值可以在 SHOW STATUS 的输出中读取,或者通 过查询 INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SESSION_STATUS 或 INFORMATION_SCHEMA.GLOBAL_STATUS 表来获取。通过比较操作 NDB 表的语句执行前后计数器 的值,您可以观察到在 API 级别执行的相应操作,从而了解执行该语句的成本。

你可以使用下面的SHOW STATUS语句列出所有这些状态变量:

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%';
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
| Variable_name                                | Value          |
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count             | 576            |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count               | 432            |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count              | 1292           |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count                     | 80154431380927 |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count                     | 250968         |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count                 | 2080340        |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count                    | 409            |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count                   | 332            |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count                    | 2              |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count                    | 409            |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count                          | 475            |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count                          | 0              |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count                     | 95             |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count                     | 0              |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count                    | 0              |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count                     | 147            |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count                       | 348            |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count           | 108            |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count           | 225            |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count         | 457            |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count         | 0              |
| Ndb_api_event_data_count                     | 78             |
| Ndb_api_event_nondata_count                  | 7              |
| Ndb_api_event_bytes_count                    | 26756          |
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count_slave       | 0              |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count_slave         | 0              |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count_slave        | 0              |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_slave               | 0              |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count_slave               | 0              |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count_slave           | 0              |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count_slave              | 0              |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_slave             | 0              |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count_slave              | 0              |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count_slave              | 0              |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count_slave                    | 0              |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count_slave                    | 0              |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count_slave               | 0              |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count_slave               | 0              |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count_slave              | 0              |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count_slave               | 0              |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count_slave                 | 0              |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_slave     | 0              |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count_slave     | 0              |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count_slave   | 0              |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count_slave   | 0              |
| Ndb_api_event_data_count_injector            | 78             |
| Ndb_api_event_nondata_count_injector         | 7              |
| Ndb_api_event_bytes_count_injector           | 26756          |
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count_session     | 131            |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count_session       | 142            |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count_session      | 480            |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session             | 1672752063     |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count_session             | 162512         |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count_session         | 1019116        |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count_session            | 87             |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_session           | 64             |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count_session            | 0              |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count_session            | 87             |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count_session                  | 101            |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count_session                  | 0              |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count_session             | 29             |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count_session             | 0              |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count_session            | 0              |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count_session             | 19             |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count_session               | 55             |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_session   | 14             |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count_session   | 76             |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count_session | 88             |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count_session | 0              |
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
69 rows in set (0.01 sec)

这些状态变量也可以从INFORMATION_SCHEMA数据库的SESSION_STATUS和GLOBAL_STATUS表中获得,如下所示:

mysql> SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SESSION_STATUS  WHERE VARIABLE_NAME LIKE 'ndb_api%';
ERROR 3167 (HY000): The 'INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SESSION_STATUS' feature is disabled; see the documentation for  'show_compatibility_56'

这个错误是由于MySQL 5.7.6及以上版本中,INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SESSION_STATUS视图已被弃用,默认情况下该功能被禁用导致的?,下面临时
启用一下:

mysql> SET GLOBAL show_compatibility_56=ON;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SESSION_STATUS  WHERE VARIABLE_NAME LIKE 'ndb_api%';
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
| VARIABLE_NAME                                | VARIABLE_VALUE |
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT             | 576            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT               | 432            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT              | 1293           |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT                     | 80408736595437 |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT                     | 251028         |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT                 | 2080368        |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT                    | 409            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT                   | 332            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT                    | 2              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT                    | 409            |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT                          | 475            |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT                          | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT                     | 95             |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT                     | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT                    | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT                     | 147            |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT                       | 348            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT           | 108            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT           | 225            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT         | 457            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT         | 0              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_DATA_COUNT                     | 78             |
| NDB_API_EVENT_NONDATA_COUNT                  | 7              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_BYTES_COUNT                    | 26756          |
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT_SLAVE       | 0              |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT_SLAVE         | 0              |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT_SLAVE        | 0              |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT_SLAVE           | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT_SLAVE             | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT_SLAVE                    | 0              |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT_SLAVE                    | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT_SLAVE                 | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT_SLAVE     | 0              |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT_SLAVE     | 0              |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT_SLAVE   | 0              |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT_SLAVE   | 0              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_DATA_COUNT_INJECTOR            | 78             |
| NDB_API_EVENT_NONDATA_COUNT_INJECTOR         | 7              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_BYTES_COUNT_INJECTOR           | 26756          |
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT_SESSION     | 131            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT_SESSION       | 142            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT_SESSION      | 481            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT_SESSION             | 1672988157     |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT_SESSION             | 162572         |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT_SESSION         | 1019144        |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT_SESSION            | 87             |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT_SESSION           | 64             |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT_SESSION            | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT_SESSION            | 87             |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT_SESSION                  | 101            |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT_SESSION                  | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT_SESSION             | 29             |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT_SESSION             | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT_SESSION            | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT_SESSION             | 19             |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT_SESSION               | 55             |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT_SESSION   | 14             |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT_SESSION   | 76             |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT_SESSION | 88             |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT_SESSION | 0              |
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
69 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.GLOBAL_STATUS  WHERE VARIABLE_NAME LIKE 'ndb_api%';
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
| VARIABLE_NAME                                | VARIABLE_VALUE |
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT             | 576            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT               | 432            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT              | 1293           |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT                     | 80505790466465 |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT                     | 251028         |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT                 | 2080368        |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT                    | 409            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT                   | 332            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT                    | 2              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT                    | 409            |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT                          | 475            |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT                          | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT                     | 95             |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT                     | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT                    | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT                     | 147            |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT                       | 348            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT           | 108            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT           | 225            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT         | 457            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT         | 0              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_DATA_COUNT                     | 78             |
| NDB_API_EVENT_NONDATA_COUNT                  | 7              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_BYTES_COUNT                    | 26756          |
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT_SLAVE       | 0              |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT_SLAVE         | 0              |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT_SLAVE        | 0              |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT_SLAVE           | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT_SLAVE             | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT_SLAVE                    | 0              |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT_SLAVE                    | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT_SLAVE              | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT_SLAVE               | 0              |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT_SLAVE                 | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT_SLAVE     | 0              |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT_SLAVE     | 0              |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT_SLAVE   | 0              |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT_SLAVE   | 0              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_DATA_COUNT_INJECTOR            | 78             |
| NDB_API_EVENT_NONDATA_COUNT_INJECTOR         | 7              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_BYTES_COUNT_INJECTOR           | 26756          |
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT_SESSION     | 131            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT_SESSION       | 142            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT_SESSION      | 481            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT_SESSION             | 1672988157     |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT_SESSION             | 162572         |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT_SESSION         | 1019144        |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT_SESSION            | 87             |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT_SESSION           | 64             |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT_SESSION            | 0              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT_SESSION            | 87             |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT_SESSION                  | 101            |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT_SESSION                  | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT_SESSION             | 29             |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT_SESSION             | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT_SESSION            | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT_SESSION             | 19             |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT_SESSION               | 55             |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT_SESSION   | 14             |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT_SESSION   | 76             |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT_SESSION | 88             |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT_SESSION | 0              |
+----------------------------------------------+----------------+
69 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

每个 ndb 对象都有其自身的计数器。NDB API 应用程序可以读取这些计数器的值,用于优化或监控。对于使用多个 Ndb 对象并发运行的多线程 客户端,还可以从属于给定 ndb_cluster_connection 的所有 Ndb 对象中获取计数器的汇总视图。

暴露了四组这样的计数器。一组只适用于当前会话;另外3个是全局性的。尽管它们的值可以在mysql客户端中作为会话或全局状态变量获得。这 意味着使用SHOW STATUS指定SESSION或GLOBAL关键字对NDB API统计状态变量报告的值没有影响,并且这些变量的值无论从SESSION_STATUS或 GLOBAL_STATUS表的等效列中获得的值都是相同的。
.会话计数器(特定于会话)
会话计数器与(仅)当前会话使用的Ndb对象相关。其他MySQL客户端使用这些对象不会影响这些计数。

为了尽量减少与标准MySQL会话变量的混淆,我们将与这些NDB API会话计数器对应的变量称为“_session变量”,前面有下划线。

.从属计数器(全局)
这组计数器与复制从SQL线程使用的Ndb对象相关(如果有的话)。如果这个mysqld不作为复制从,或者不使用NDB表,那么所有这些计数都是0。

我们将相关的状态变量称为“_slave变量”(前面有下划线)。

.注入器计数器(全局)
注入器计数器与用于侦听二进制日志注入器线程的集群事件的Ndb对象相关。即使不写二进制日志,附加到NDB集群的mysqld进程也会继续侦听一 些事件,比如模式更改。
我们把对应于NDB API注入器计数器的状态变量称为“_injector variables”。(以下划线开头)。

.服务器(全局)计数器(全局)
这组计数器与当前mysqld使用的所有Ndb对象相关。这包括所有MySQL客户端应用程序、从SQL线程(如果有的话)、binlog注入器和NDB实用程序 线程。
我们将与这些计数器对应的状态变量称为“全局变量”或“mysqld级变量”。

你可以通过额外过滤变量名中的子字符串session、slave或injector(以及常用的前缀Ndb_api)来获得一组特定变量的值。对于_session变量 ,可以这样做:

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%session';
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name                                | Value      |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count_session     | 131        |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count_session       | 142        |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count_session      | 481        |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session             | 1672988157 |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count_session             | 162572     |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count_session         | 1019144    |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count_session            | 87         |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_session           | 64         |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count_session            | 87         |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count_session                  | 101        |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count_session                  | 0          |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count_session             | 29         |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count_session             | 0          |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count_session             | 19         |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count_session               | 55         |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_session   | 14         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count_session   | 76         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count_session | 88         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count_session | 0          |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
21 rows in set (0.00 sec)

要获取NDB API mysqld级别状态变量的列表,请过滤以ndb_api开头、以_count结尾的变量名,如下所示:

mysql> SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SESSION_STATUS  WHERE VARIABLE_NAME LIKE 'ndb_api%count';
+--------------------------------------+----------------+
| VARIABLE_NAME                        | VARIABLE_VALUE |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+
| NDB_API_WAIT_EXEC_COMPLETE_COUNT     | 578            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_SCAN_RESULT_COUNT       | 432            |
| NDB_API_WAIT_META_REQUEST_COUNT      | 1293           |
| NDB_API_WAIT_NANOS_COUNT             | 81348847300579 |
| NDB_API_BYTES_SENT_COUNT             | 251124         |
| NDB_API_BYTES_RECEIVED_COUNT         | 2080408        |
| NDB_API_TRANS_START_COUNT            | 411            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_COMMIT_COUNT           | 334            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_ABORT_COUNT            | 2              |
| NDB_API_TRANS_CLOSE_COUNT            | 411            |
| NDB_API_PK_OP_COUNT                  | 477            |
| NDB_API_UK_OP_COUNT                  | 0              |
| NDB_API_TABLE_SCAN_COUNT             | 95             |
| NDB_API_RANGE_SCAN_COUNT             | 0              |
| NDB_API_PRUNED_SCAN_COUNT            | 0              |
| NDB_API_SCAN_BATCH_COUNT             | 147            |
| NDB_API_READ_ROW_COUNT               | 348            |
| NDB_API_TRANS_LOCAL_READ_ROW_COUNT   | 108            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_FORCED_COUNT   | 225            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_UNFORCED_COUNT | 459            |
| NDB_API_ADAPTIVE_SEND_DEFERRED_COUNT | 0              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_DATA_COUNT             | 78             |
| NDB_API_EVENT_NONDATA_COUNT          | 7              |
| NDB_API_EVENT_BYTES_COUNT            | 26756          |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+
24 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

并非所有计数器都反映在所有4组状态变量中。对于事件计数器DataEventsRecvdCount、NondataEventsRecvdCount和EventBytesRecvdCount,只 有_injector和mysqld级别的NDB API状态变量可用:


mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%event%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Ndb_api_event_data_count             | 78    |
| Ndb_api_event_nondata_count          | 7     |
| Ndb_api_event_bytes_count            | 26756 |
| Ndb_api_event_data_count_injector    | 78    |
| Ndb_api_event_nondata_count_injector | 7     |
| Ndb_api_event_bytes_count_injector   | 26756 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

_injector状态变量,如下所示:

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%injector%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Ndb_api_event_data_count_injector    | 78    |
| Ndb_api_event_nondata_count_injector | 7     |
| Ndb_api_event_bytes_count_injector   | 26756 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

要查看所有已提交事务的计数,也就是所有TransCommitCount计数器状态变量,你可以为SHOW STATUS加上子字符串trans_commit_count进行过滤 ,如下所示:

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE '%trans_commit_count%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count         | 334   |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_slave   | 0     |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_session | 64    |
+------------------------------------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

由此,你可以确定在当前mysql客户端会话中已经提交了334个事务,并且自上次重新启动以来,这个mysqld上已经提交了64个事务。

通过比较执行语句前后对应的_session状态变量的值,可以看到给定SQL语句如何增加各种NDB API计数器。在这个例子中,在得到SHOW STATUS 的初始值之后,我们在jycs数据库中创建了一个名为t的NDB表,它只有一列:

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%session%';
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name                                | Value      |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count_session     | 131        |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count_session       | 142        |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count_session      | 481        |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session             | 1672988157 |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count_session             | 162572     |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count_session         | 1019144    |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count_session            | 87         |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_session           | 64         |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count_session            | 87         |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count_session                  | 101        |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count_session                  | 0          |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count_session             | 29         |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count_session             | 0          |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count_session             | 19         |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count_session               | 55         |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_session   | 14         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count_session   | 76         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count_session | 88         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count_session | 0          |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
21 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use jycs;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE t (c INT) ENGINE NDBCLUSTER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

现在,您可以执行新的SHOW STATUS语句并观察更改,如下所示(在输出中突出显示更改的行):

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%session%';
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name                                | Value      |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count_session     | 139        |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count_session       | 142        |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count_session      | 497        |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session             | 1714790150 |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count_session             | 164632     |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count_session         | 1051308    |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count_session            | 91         |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_session           | 68         |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count_session            | 91         |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count_session                  | 107        |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count_session                  | 0          |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count_session             | 29         |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count_session             | 0          |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count_session             | 19         |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count_session               | 57         |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_session   | 14         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count_session   | 78         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count_session | 94         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count_session | 0          |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
21 rows in set (0.00 sec)

类似地,你可以看到在t中插入一行所引起的NDB API统计计数器的变化:插入行,然后运行与前面示例中相同的SHOW STATUS语句,如下所示:

mysql> INSERT INTO t VALUES (100);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW STATUS LIKE 'ndb_api%session%';
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Variable_name                                | Value      |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
| Ndb_api_wait_exec_complete_count_session     | 142        |
| Ndb_api_wait_scan_result_count_session       | 146        |
| Ndb_api_wait_meta_request_count_session      | 498        |
| Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session             | 1715762929 |
| Ndb_api_bytes_sent_count_session             | 164928     |
| Ndb_api_bytes_received_count_session         | 1051540    |
| Ndb_api_trans_start_count_session            | 94         |
| Ndb_api_trans_commit_count_session           | 70         |
| Ndb_api_trans_abort_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_trans_close_count_session            | 94         |
| Ndb_api_pk_op_count_session                  | 109        |
| Ndb_api_uk_op_count_session                  | 0          |
| Ndb_api_table_scan_count_session             | 30         |
| Ndb_api_range_scan_count_session             | 0          |
| Ndb_api_pruned_scan_count_session            | 0          |
| Ndb_api_scan_batch_count_session             | 19         |
| Ndb_api_read_row_count_session               | 58         |
| Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_session   | 15         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_forced_count_session   | 81         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_unforced_count_session | 95         |
| Ndb_api_adaptive_send_deferred_count_session | 0          |
+----------------------------------------------+------------+
21 rows in set (0.00 sec)

我们可以从这些结果中得出一些观察结果:
.虽然我们没有使用显式的主键创建t,但在此过程中执行了6个主键操作(Ndb_api_pk_op_count_session的“before”和“after”值之差,即 107减106)。这反映了隐藏主键的创建,这是使用NDB存储引擎的所有表的一个特性。

.通过比较Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session的连续值,我们可以看到,实现CREATE TABLE语句的NDB API操作等待数据节点响应的时间 (1714790150-1672988157 = 41801993 纳秒,或大约0.04秒)要比INSERT (1715762929-1714790150 = 972779 纳秒或大约0.001秒)长得多。 mysql客户端中报告的这些语句的执行时间与这些图大致相关。

在没有足够(纳秒)时间分辨率的平台上,由于SQL语句执行非常快而导致的WaitNanosCount NDB API计数器值的微小变化可能并不总是在 Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_session, Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count_slave或Ndb_api_wait_nanos_count的值中可见。

.INSERT语句增加了NDB API统计计数器的ReadRowCount和TransLocalReadRowCount,正如Ndb_api_read_row_count_session和 Ndb_api_trans_local_read_row_count_session增加的值所反映的那样。

MySQL 为NDB集群分发MySQL用户和权限

为NDB集群分发MySQL用户和权限
NDB集群支持在一个NDB集群中的所有SQL节点上分配MySQL用户和权限。默认情况下不启用此支持;为了这样做,您应该遵循以下过程。

通常,MySQL数据库中的每个MySQL服务器的用户权限表必须使用MyISAM存储引擎,这意味着在一个SQL节点上创建的用户帐户及其相关权限在集群的其他SQL节点上不可用。SQL文件ndb_dist_priv。在MySQL安装目录的share目录下可以找到NDB Cluster发行版提供的sql文件。

[root@mysqld share]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql/share
[root@mysqld share]# ll ndb*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 12442 Sep 26  2024 ndb_dist_priv.sql

启用分布式权限的第一步是将此脚本加载到作为SQL节点的MySQL服务器中(在此之后我们将其称为目标SQL节点或MySQL服务器)。您可以在目标SQL节点的系统shell中执行以下命令,然后将其更改为MySQL安装目录(其中options表示连接到该SQL节点所需的任何附加选项):

[root@mysqld share]# mysql -uroot -p123456 < /usr/local/mysql/share/ndb_dist_priv.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

导入 ndb_dist_priv.sql 会在目标 SQL 节点的 mysql 数据库中创建多个存储例程(六个存储过程和一个存储函数)。在 mysql 客户端连接到

SQL 节点(以 MySQL 根用户身份)后,您可以按如下所示验证这些例程是否已创建:

mysql> SELECT ROUTINE_NAME, ROUTINE_SCHEMA, ROUTINE_TYPE FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES WHERE ROUTINE_NAME LIKE

'mysql_cluster%' ORDER BY ROUTINE_TYPE;
+---------------------------------------------+----------------+--------------+
| ROUTINE_NAME                                | ROUTINE_SCHEMA | ROUTINE_TYPE |
+---------------------------------------------+----------------+--------------+
| mysql_cluster_privileges_are_distributed    | mysql          | FUNCTION     |
| mysql_cluster_backup_privileges             | mysql          | PROCEDURE    |
| mysql_cluster_move_grant_tables             | mysql          | PROCEDURE    |
| mysql_cluster_move_privileges               | mysql          | PROCEDURE    |
| mysql_cluster_restore_local_privileges      | mysql          | PROCEDURE    |
| mysql_cluster_restore_privileges            | mysql          | PROCEDURE    |
| mysql_cluster_restore_privileges_from_local | mysql          | PROCEDURE    |
+---------------------------------------------+----------------+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.03 sec)

名为mysql_cluster_move_privileges的存储过程创建现有权限表的备份副本,然后将它们转换为NDB。

mysql_cluster_move_privileges分两步执行备份和转换。第一步是调用mysql_cluster_backup_privileges,这将在mysql数据库中创建两组副本:
.一组使用 MyISAM 存储引擎的本地副本。它们的名称是在原始权限表名后添加 _backup 后缀生成的。

.一组使用NDBCLUSTER存储引擎的分布式副本。这些表通过在原始表的名称前加上ndb_前缀和_backup来生成的。

副本创建后,mysql_cluster_move_privileges调用mysql_cluster_move_grant_tables,其中包含ALTER TABLE…ENGINE =NDB将mysql系统表转换为NDB。

通常,您不应该手动调用mysql_cluster_backup_privileges或mysql_cluster_move_grant_tables;这些存储过程仅供mysql_cluster_move_privileges调用。

虽然原始权限表是自动备份的,但在继续之前,最好在所有受影响的SQL节点上手动创建现有权限表的备份。你可以使用mysqldump来实现这个目的,如下所示:

[root@mysqld /]# mysqldump  -uroot -p123456 mysql user db tables_priv columns_priv procs_priv proxies_priv > backup_file
mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

要执行转换,必须使用mysql客户端连接到目标SQL节点(同样,作为mysql root用户)。像这样调用存储过程:

mysql> CALL mysql.mysql_cluster_move_privileges();
Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.22 sec)

根据权限表中的行数,此过程可能需要一些时间来执行。如果某些权限表是空的,那么当mysql_cluster_move_privileges返回时,您可能会看到一个或多个No data – zero rows fetched, selected, or processed 警告。在这种情况下,可以安全地忽略警告。为了验证转换是否成功,

你可以使用存储函数mysql_cluster_priviles_are_distributed,如下所示:

mysql> SELECT CONCAT( 'Conversion ',IF(mysql.mysql_cluster_privileges_are_distributed(), 'succeeded', 'failed'), '.') AS

Result;
+-----------------------+
| Result                |
+-----------------------+
| Conversion succeeded. |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql_cluster_privile_are_distributed检查是否存在分布式权限表,如果所有的权限表都是分布式的,则返回1;否则,返回0。

您可以使用如下查询来验证备份是否已经创建:

mysql> SELECT TABLE_NAME, ENGINE FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES  WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'mysql' AND TABLE_NAME LIKE '%backup'

ORDER BY ENGINE;
+-------------------------+------------+
| TABLE_NAME              | ENGINE     |
+-------------------------+------------+
| db_backup               | MyISAM     |
| user_backup             | MyISAM     |
| columns_priv_backup     | MyISAM     |
| tables_priv_backup      | MyISAM     |
| proxies_priv_backup     | MyISAM     |
| procs_priv_backup       | MyISAM     |
| ndb_tables_priv_backup  | ndbcluster |
| ndb_proxies_priv_backup | ndbcluster |
| ndb_procs_priv_backup   | ndbcluster |
| ndb_db_backup           | ndbcluster |
| ndb_columns_priv_backup | ndbcluster |
| ndb_user_backup         | ndbcluster |
+-------------------------+------------+
12 rows in set (0.01 sec)

一旦转换为分布式权限,任何时候在任何SQL节点上创建、删除MySQL用户帐户或更新其权限,这些更改都会立即对连接到集群的所有其他MySQL服务器生效。一旦分配了权限,任何连接到集群的新MySQL服务器都会自动参与分配。

对于在执行mysql_cluster_move_privileges时连接到SQL节点的客户端,您可能需要在这些SQL节点上执行FLUSH PRIVILEGES,或者断开连接,然后重新连接客户端,以便这些客户端能够看到权限的变化。

所有MySQL用户权限分布在所有连接的MySQL服务器上。这包括与视图和存储过程相关的任何权限,尽管当前不支持视图和存储过程本身的分发。

在mysql_cluster_move_privileges运行期间,如果一个SQL节点与集群断开连接,必须在重新连接到集群后使用DROP TABLE IF EXISTS mysql.user mysql.db mysql.tables_priv mysql.columns_priv mysql.procs_priv语句删除它的权限表,这将导致SQL节点使用共享权限表,而 不是自己的本地版本。第一次将新的SQL节点连接到集群时不需要这样做。

如果初始重新启动整个集群(关闭所有数据节点,然后使用–initial重新启动),则共享权限表将丢失。如果发生这种情况,您可以使用原始 目标SQL节点从mysql_cluster_move_privileges所做的备份或mysqldump创建的转储文件中恢复它们。如果你需要使用一个新的MySQL服务器来执 行恢复,你应该在第一次连接到集群时用–skip-grant-tables启动它;在此之后,您可以在本地恢复权限表,然后使用 mysql_cluster_move_privileges再次分发它们。在恢复和分发表之后,您应该重新启动这个MySQL服务器,不使用–skip-grant-tables选项。

还可以使用ndb_restore –restore-privilege-tables从ndb_mgm客户端中使用START BACKUP进行的备份中恢复分布式表。 (mysql_cluster_move_privileges创建的MyISAM表不通过START BACKUP命令进行备份)ndb_restore默认不恢复权限表;使用–restore- privilege-tables选项才会执行恢复。

您可以使用两个过程中的任何一个来恢复SQL节点的本地权限。mysql_cluster_restore_privileges的工作原理如下:
1.如果mysql.ndb_*_backup表的副本可用,试图从这些副本中来还原系统表。
2.否则,试图从命名为*_backup(没有ndb_前缀)的本地备份中还原系统表

另一个过程名为mysql_cluster_restore_local_privileges,它只从本地备份恢复系统表,而不检查ndb_*备份。

mysql_cluster_restore_privileges或mysql_cluster_restore_local_privileges重新创建的系统表使用MySQL服务器默认的存储引擎;它们不 以任何方式共享或分发,也不使用NDB Cluster的NDB存储引擎。

额外的存储过程mysql_cluster_restore_privile_from_local用于使用mysql_cluster_restore_privileges和 mysql_cluster_restore_local_privileges。它不应该被直接调用。

MySQL 在线添加NDB集群数据节点

在线添加NDB集群数据节点

在向NDB集群添加新数据节点所需的基本步骤。无论您是为数据节点进程使用ndbd还是ndbmtd二进制文件,此过程都适用。
假设您已经有一个正在运行的NDB集群,在线添加数据节点需要以下步骤:
1.编辑集群配置config.ini文件,添加与要添加的节点相对应的新[ndbd]部分。在集群使用多个管理服务器的情况下,需要对管理服务器使用的 所有config.ini文件进行这些更改。

必须注意,在config.ini文件中添加的任何新数据节点的节点id不能与现有节点使用的节点id重叠。如果您的API节点使用动态分配的节点id, 并且这些id与您想要用于新数据节点的节点id相匹配,则可以强制任何此类API节点“迁移”,如本过程后面所述。

2.滚动重启所有NDB Cluster管理服务器。
必须使用–reload或–initial选项重新启动所有管理服务器,以强制读取新配置。

3.对所有现有的NDB Cluster数据节点执行滚动重启。在重新启动现有数据节点时,没有必要(通常甚至不希望)使用–initial。
如果您使用的API节点具有动态分配的id,与您希望分配给新数据节点的任何节点id相匹配,则在此步骤中重新启动任何数据节点进程之前,必 须重新启动所有API节点(包括SQL节点)。这将导致具有先前未显式分配的节点id的任何API节点放弃这些节点id并获取新的节点id。

4.对连接到NDB集群的所有SQL或API节点执行滚动重启。

5.启动新的数据节点。
新的数据节点可以按任何顺序启动。它们也可以并发地启动,只要它们是在所有现有数据节点的滚动重启完成之后,并且在继续下一步之前启动 的。

6.在NDB集群管理客户端中执行一个或多个CREATE NODEGROUP命令,创建新数据节点所属的新节点组。

7.在所有数据节点(包括新节点)之间重新分配集群的数据。通常,这是通过在mysql客户端为每个NDBCLUSTER表,发出ALTER TABLE… ALGORITHM=INPLACE,REORGANIZE PARTITION语句。

异常:对于使用MAX_ROWS选项创建的表,此语句不起作用;相反,使用AALTER TABLE … ALGORITHM=INPLACE MAX_ROWS=…重新整理这样的表 您还应该记住,不赞成以这种方式使用MAX_ROWS来设置分区数量,
NDB 7.5.4及以后的版本,应该使用PARTITION_BALANCE;

只需要对添加新节点组时已经存在的表执行此操作。添加新节点组后创建的表中的数据将自动分布;但是,添加到任何给定表TBL中的在添加新 节点之前就存在的数据,在重新组织该表之前不会使用新节点进行分发。

8.
ALTER ONLINE TABLE … REORGANIZE PARTITION重新组织分区,但不回收“旧”节点上释放的空间。您可以通过在mysql客户端中为每个 NDBCLUSTER表发出一个OPTIMIZE table语句来实现这一点。

这适用于内存中NDB表的可变宽度列所使用的空间。内存表的固定宽度列不支持OPTIMIZE TABLE;磁盘数据表也不支持。

您可以添加所需的所有节点,然后连续发出几个CREATE NODEGROUP命令,将新的节点组添加到集群中。

在线添加NDB集群数据节点示例
提供一个详细的示例,说明如何在线添加新的NDB集群数据节点,从在单个节点组中具有2个数据节点的NDB集群开始,到在两 个节点组中具有4个数据节点的集群结束。

开始配置
为了说明,我们假设一个最小的配置,并且集群使用config.ini文件,该文件只包含以下信息:

[root@mgmd mysql-cluster]# cat config.ini
[ndbd default]
# Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=2      # Number of replicas
DataMemory=1024M    # How much memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=256M    # How much memory to allocate for index storage
                    # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
                    # default values. Since the "world" database takes up
                    # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
                    # this example NDB Cluster setup.
ServerPort=2202     # This the default value; however, you can use any
                    # port that is free for all the hosts in the cluster
                    # Note1: It is recommended that you do not specify the port
                    # number at all and simply allow the default value to be used
                    # instead
                    # Note2: The port was formerly specified using the PortNumber
                    # TCP parameter; this parameter is no longer available in NDB
                    # Cluster 7.5.
[ndb_mgmd]
# Management process options:
HostName=10.10.10.102            # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
DataDir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster     # Directory for MGM node log files
[ndbd]
# Options for data node "A":
HostName=10.10.10.104            # Hostname or IP address
NodeId=2                           # Node ID for this data node
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data      # Directory for this data node's data files
[ndbd]
# Options for data node "B":
HostName=10.10.10.105            # Hostname or IP address
NodeId=3                           # Node ID for this data node
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data      # Directory for this data node's data files
[mysqld]
# SQL node options:
HostName=10.10.10.103            # Hostname or IP address
                                   # (additional mysqld connections can be
                                   # specified for this node for various
                                   # purposes such as running ndb_restore)


我们还假设您已经使用适当的命令行或my.cnf选项启动了集群,并且在管理客户端中运行SHOW会产生类似于下面所示的输出:

[root@mgmd /]# ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)
id=2    @10.10.10.104  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @10.10.10.105  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @10.10.10.102  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=4    @10.10.10.103  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

最后,我们假设集群中创建了以下数据表,如下所示:

mysql> use jycs
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_jycs  |
+-----------------+
| btest           |
| city            |
| country         |
| countrylanguage |
| ctest           |
| example         |
| fish            |
+-----------------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from btest;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        1 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from city;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|     4079 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from country;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|      239 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from countrylanguage;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|      984 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from ctest;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        3 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from example;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from fish;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        6 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在本例中,我们展示了用于数据节点进程的单线程ndbd。如果您正在使用多线程的ndbmtd,您也可以应用这个示例,方法是将ndbmtd替换为后面 步骤中出现的ndbd。

步骤1:更新配置文件。
在文本编辑器中打开集群全局配置文件,并添加与2个新数据节点对应的[ndbd]部分。(我们给这些数据节点的id为5和6,并假设它们将分别运 行在地址为10.10.10.106和10.10.10.107的主机上。)在你添加了新的部分之后,config.ini文件的内容应该如下所示:

[root@mgmd mysql-cluster]# cat config.ini
[ndbd default]
# Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:
NoOfReplicas=2      # Number of replicas
DataMemory=1024M    # How much memory to allocate for data storage
IndexMemory=256M    # How much memory to allocate for index storage
                    # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the
                    # default values. Since the "world" database takes up
                    # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for
                    # this example NDB Cluster setup.
ServerPort=2202     # This the default value; however, you can use any
                    # port that is free for all the hosts in the cluster
                    # Note1: It is recommended that you do not specify the port
                    # number at all and simply allow the default value to be used
                    # instead
                    # Note2: The port was formerly specified using the PortNumber
                    # TCP parameter; this parameter is no longer available in NDB
                    # Cluster 7.5.
[ndb_mgmd]
# Management process options:
HostName=10.10.10.102            # Hostname or IP address of MGM node
DataDir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster     # Directory for MGM node log files
[ndbd]
# Options for data node "A":
HostName=10.10.10.104            # Hostname or IP address
NodeId=2                           # Node ID for this data node
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data      # Directory for this data node's data files
[ndbd]
# Options for data node "B":
HostName=10.10.10.105            # Hostname or IP address
NodeId=3                           # Node ID for this data node
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data      # Directory for this data node's data files
[ndbd]
# Options for data node "C":
HostName=10.10.10.106            # Hostname or IP address
NodeId=5                           # Node ID for this data node
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data      # Directory for this data node's data files
[ndbd]
# Options for data node "D":
HostName=10.10.10.107            # Hostname or IP address
NodeId=6                           # Node ID for this data node
DataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data      # Directory for this data node's data files
[mysqld]
# SQL node options:
HostName=10.10.10.103            # Hostname or IP address
                                   # (additional mysqld connections can be
                                   # specified for this node for various
                                   # purposes such as running ndb_restore)

完成必要的更改后,保存文件。

步骤2:重新启动管理服务器。
重新启动集群管理服务器需要发出单独的命令来停止管理服务器,然后重新启动它,如下所示:
1.使用管理客户端Stop命令停止管理服务器,如下所示

ndb_mgm> 1 stop
Node 1 has shutdown.
Disconnecting to allow Management Server to shutdown

ndb_mgm>

2.由于关闭管理服务器将导致管理客户端终止,因此必须从系统shell启动管理服务器。为简单起见,我们假设config.ini与管理服务器二进制 文件位于同一目录中,但实际上,您必须为配置文件提供正确的路径。您还必须提供–reload或–initial选项,以便管理服务器从文件而不是 其配置缓存中读取新配置。如果您的shell的当前目录与管理服务器二进制文件所在的目录相同,那么您可以调用管理服务器,如下所示:

ndb_mgmd -f  config.ini --reload --configdir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster

如果您的shell的当前目录与管理服务器二进制文件所在的目录不相同那么您可以调用管理服务器,如下所示:

[root@mgmd /]# ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini --reload --configdir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster
MySQL Cluster Management Server mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36

如果你在重启ndb_mgm进程后在管理客户端检查SHOW的输出,你现在应该看到如下所示:

[root@mgmd /]# ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     4 node(s)
id=2    @10.10.10.104  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @10.10.10.105  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.106)
id=6 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.107)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @10.10.10.102  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=7 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.103)

步骤3:执行现有数据节点的滚动重启。
这一步完全可以在集群管理客户端中使用RESTART命令完成,如下所示:

在重启数据节点之前需要先关闭SQL节点,否则在重启数据节点时会出现如下错误

ndb_mgm> 2 restart
Node 2: Node shutdown initiated
Node 2: Node shutdown completed, restarting, no start.
Node 2 is being restarted

ndb_mgm> Node 2: Start initiated (version 7.5.36)
Node 2: Forced node shutdown completed. Occured during startphase 5. Caused by error 2303: 'System error, node killed during  node restart by other node(Internal error, programming error or missing error message, please report a bug). Temporary error,  restart node'.

查看数据节点日志:

2025-07-01 19:27:47 [ndbd] INFO     -- Node 2 killed this node because it could not copy a subscription during node restart.  Copy subscrip
2025-07-01 19:27:47 [ndbd] INFO     -- NDBCNTR (Line: 303) 0x00000002
2025-07-01 19:27:47 [ndbd] INFO     -- Error handler shutting down system
2025-07-01 19:27:47 [ndbd] INFO     -- Error handler shutdown completed - exiting
2025-07-01 19:27:47 [ndbd] ALERT    -- Node 2: Forced node shutdown completed. Occured during startphase 5. Caused by error  2303: 'System error, node killed during node restart by other node(Internal error, programming error or missing error message,  please report a bug). Temporary error, restart node'.

从Node 2 killed this node because it could not copy a subscription during node restart. 可知是在复制订阅时出现,就是因为SQL节 点还在运行。

关闭SQL节点:

[root@mysqld data]# service mysql.server stop
Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!

ndb_mgm> show
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     4 node(s)
id=2    @10.10.10.104  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0)
id=3    @10.10.10.105  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.106)
id=6 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.107)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @10.10.10.102  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=7 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.103)

重启数据节点:

ndb_mgm> 2 restart
Node 2: Node shutdown initiated
Node 2: Node shutdown completed, restarting, no start.
Node 2 is being restarted

ndb_mgm> Node 2: Start initiated (version 7.5.36)
Node 2: Started (version 7.5.36)

ndb_mgm> 3 restart
Node 3: Node shutdown initiated
Node 3: Node shutdown completed, restarting, no start.
Node 3 is being restarted

ndb_mgm> Node 3: Start initiated (version 7.5.36)
Node 3: Started (version 7.5.36)

ndb_mgm>

步骤4:执行所有集群API节点的滚动重启。

[root@mysqld data]# service mysql.server restart
 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@mysqld data]#

ndb_mgm> show
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     4 node(s)
id=2    @10.10.10.104  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @10.10.10.105  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.106)
id=6 (not connected, accepting connect from 10.10.10.107)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @10.10.10.102  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=7    @10.10.10.103  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

步骤5:执行新数据节点的初始启动。
从新数据节点的每个主机上的系统shell中,使用–initial选项启动数据节点,如下所示:

[root@ndbdc /]# ndbd -c 10.10.10.102 --initial
2025-07-01 19:49:26 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '10.10.10.102:1186'
2025-07-01 19:49:26 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 5

[root@ndbdd /]#  ndbd -c 10.10.10.102 --initial
2025-07-01 19:49:34 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel connected to '10.10.10.102:1186'
2025-07-01 19:49:34 [ndbd] INFO     -- Angel allocated nodeid: 6

与重新启动现有数据节点的情况不同,您可以并发地启动新的数据节点;你不需要等待一个开始后再开始另一个。

等到两个新数据节点都启动后,再继续下一步。一旦新的数据节点已经启动,您可以在管理客户端的SHOW命令的输出中看到,它们还不属于任何 节点组(如此处粗体所示):

ndb_mgm> Node 5: Started (version 7.5.36)
Node 6: Started (version 7.5.36)

ndb_mgm> show
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     4 node(s)
id=2    @10.10.10.104  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @10.10.10.105  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0)
id=5    @10.10.10.106  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, no nodegroup)
id=6    @10.10.10.107  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, no nodegroup)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @10.10.10.102  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=7    @10.10.10.103  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

步骤6:创建一个新的节点组。
可以通过在集群管理客户端中发出CREATE NODEGROUP命令来实现这一点。该命令将包含在新节点组中的数据节点的节点id的逗号分隔列表作为参 数,如下所示:

ndb_mgm> CREATE NODEGROUP 5,6
Nodegroup 1 created

通过再次发出SHOW,您可以验证数据节点5和6已经加入了新的节点组:

ndb_mgm> show
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)]     4 node(s)
id=2    @10.10.10.104  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=3    @10.10.10.105  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 0)
id=5    @10.10.10.106  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 1)
id=6    @10.10.10.107  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36, Nodegroup: 1)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1    @10.10.10.102  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

[mysqld(API)]   1 node(s)
id=7    @10.10.10.103  (mysql-5.7.48 ndb-7.5.36)

步骤7:重新分配集群数据。
创建节点组时,现有数据和索引不会自动分发到新节点组的数据节点,这可以通过发出适当的在管理客户端中使用REPORT命令:

ndb_mgm> ALL REPORT MEMORY
Node 2: Data usage is 0%(173 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 2: Index usage is 0%(80 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 3: Data usage is 0%(173 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 3: Index usage is 0%(80 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 5: Data usage is 0%(17 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 5: Index usage is 0%(0 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 6: Data usage is 0%(17 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 6: Index usage is 0%(0 8K pages of total 32800)

通过对每个NDB表执行ALTER TABLE … ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION语句,可以在所有数据节点之间重新分布数据。

mysql> SELECT TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE ENGINE = 'NDBCLUSTER';
+--------------+-----------------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME            |
+--------------+-----------------------+
| jycs         | btest                 |
| jycs         | city                  |
| jycs         | country               |
| jycs         | countrylanguage       |
| jycs         | ctest                 |
| jycs         | example               |
| jycs         | fish                  |
| mysql        | ndb_apply_status      |
| mysql        | ndb_index_stat_head   |
| mysql        | ndb_index_stat_sample |
| world        | city                  |
| world        | country               |
| world        | countrylanguage       |
+--------------+-----------------------+
13 rows in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.btest ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (21.38 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.city ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (8.68 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.country ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (8.50 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.countrylanguage ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (8.56 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.ctest ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (6.97 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.example ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (12.81 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE jycs.fish ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (15.82 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE mysql.ndb_apply_status ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (4.68 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE mysql.ndb_index_stat_head ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (5.17 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE mysql.ndb_index_stat_sample ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (6.23 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE world.city ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (7.17 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE world.country ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (8.48 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE world.countrylanguage ALGORITHM=INPLACE, REORGANIZE PARTITION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (7.98 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0


ndb_mgm> ALL REPORT MEMORY
Node 2: Data usage is 0%(161 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 2: Index usage is 0%(76 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 3: Data usage is 0%(161 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 3: Index usage is 0%(76 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 5: Data usage is 0%(113 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 5: Index usage is 0%(58 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 6: Data usage is 0%(113 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 6: Index usage is 0%(58 8K pages of total 32800)

此外,对于每个表,应该在ALTER table语句之后加上一个OPTIMIZE table语句来回收浪费的空间。

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.btest ;
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table      | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.btest | optimize | status   | OK       |
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.city;
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table     | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.city | optimize | status   | OK       |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.country;
+--------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table        | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+--------------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.country | optimize | status   | OK       |
+--------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.countrylanguage;
+----------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table                | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+----------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.countrylanguage | optimize | status   | OK       |
+----------------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.ctest;
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table      | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.ctest | optimize | status   | OK       |
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.example;
+--------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table        | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+--------------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.example | optimize | status   | OK       |
+--------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE jycs.fish;
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table     | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
| jycs.fish | optimize | status   | OK       |
+-----------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.07 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE mysql.ndb_apply_status;
+------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table                  | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| mysql.ndb_apply_status | optimize | status   | OK       |
+------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE mysql.ndb_index_stat_head;
+---------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table                     | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+---------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| mysql.ndb_index_stat_head | optimize | status   | OK       |
+---------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE mysql.ndb_index_stat_sample;
+-----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table                       | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+-----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| mysql.ndb_index_stat_sample | optimize | status   | OK       |
+-----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE world.city;
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table      | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| world.city | optimize | status   | OK       |
+------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE world.country;
+---------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table         | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+---------------+----------+----------+----------+
| world.country | optimize | status   | OK       |
+---------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE world.countrylanguage;
+-----------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table                 | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+-----------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| world.countrylanguage | optimize | status   | OK       |
+-----------------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

在ALL REPORT MEMORY的输出中执行这些语句后,您可以看到数据和索引现在在所有集群数据节点之间重新分布,如下所示:

ndb_mgm> ALL REPORT MEMORY
Node 2: Data usage is 0%(161 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 2: Index usage is 0%(76 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 3: Data usage is 0%(161 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 3: Index usage is 0%(76 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 5: Data usage is 0%(113 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 5: Index usage is 0%(58 8K pages of total 32800)
Node 6: Data usage is 0%(113 32K pages of total 32768)
Node 6: Index usage is 0%(58 8K pages of total 32800)

由于一次只能执行一个对NDBCLUSTER表的DDL操作,因此必须等待每个ALTER TABLE…REORGANIZE PARTITION语句在发出下一个语句之前完成。

对于在添加新数据节点之后创建的 NDBCLUSTER 表,无需发出 ALTER TABLE … REORGANIZE PARTITION 语句;添加到此类表中的数据会自动在 所有数据节点之间进行分配。然而,在添加新节点之前就已存在的 NDBCLUSTER 表中,无论是现有数据还是新数据都不会使用新节点进行分配, 除非使用 ALTER TABLE … REORGANIZE PARTITION 对这些表进行重组。