创建用户与组
创建组(在各个主机上执行)
mkgroup -'A' id='501' adms='root' oinstall mkgroup -'A' id='502' adms='root' asmdba mkgroup -'A' id='503' adms='root' asmoper mkgroup -'A' id='504' adms='root' dba mkgroup -'A' id='505' adms='root' oper mkgroup -'A' id='506' adms='root' backdba mkgroup -'A' id='507' adms='root' dgdba mkgroup -'A' id='508' adms='root' racdba mkgroup -'A' id='509' adms='root' kmdba
创建用户(在各个主机上执行)
mkuser id=601 pgrp=oinstall groups=dba,asmdba,oper,asmoper,backdba,dgdba,racdba,kmdba home=/home/oracle oracle
创建安装目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db mkdir -p /u01/temp chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
设置用户环境变量（用oracle用户来编辑.profile)
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db
export ORACLE_SID=hxsy
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=hxsy
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin
export ORACLE_PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export TEMP=/u01/tmp
export TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export PS1=`hostname`:'$PWD'"$"
使用如下命令查看虚拟内存管理参数
vmo -L minperm% vmo -L maxperm% vmo -L maxclient% vmo -L lru_file_repage vmo -L strict_maxclient vmo -L strict_maxperm
如果设置不合适，使用如下命令修改：
vmo -p -o minperm%=3 vmo -p -o maxperm%=90 vmo -p -o maxclient%=90 vmo -p -o lru_file_repage=0 vmo -p -o strict_maxclient=1 vmo -p -o strict_maxperm=0
检查网络参数设置
ephemeral参数：
使用命令no -a |fgrep ephemeral可以查看当前系统ephemeral参数设置，建议的参数设置如下
tcp_ephemeral_high = 65500 tcp_ephemeral_low = 9000 udp_ephemeral_high= 65500 udp_ephemeral_low = 9000
如果系统中参数设置和上述值不一样，使用命令修改：
#no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_low=9000 -o tcp_ephemeral_high=65500 #no -p -o udp_ephemeral_low=9000 -o udp_ephemeral_high=65500
使用如下命令修改网络可调整参数：
#no -p -o rfc1323=1 #no -r -o ipqmaxlen=512 #no -p -o ipqmaxlen=512 #no -p -o sb_max=4194304 #no -p -o tcp_recvspace=65536 #no -p -o tcp_sendspace=65536 #no -p -o udp_recvspace=1351680 该值是udp_sendspace的10倍，但须小于sb_max #no -p -o udp_sendspace=135168
备注：-r表示reboot后生效，-p表示即刻生效.
检查内核参数maxuproc（建议16384）和ncargs（至少128）
#lsattr -E -l sys0 -a ncargs #lsattr -E -l sys0 -a maxuproc
如果设置不合适使用如下命令修改：
#chdev -l sys0 -a ncargs=256 #chdev -l sys0 -a maxuproc=16384
解压数据库软件
aix1:/u01/soft$unzip -q AIX.PPC64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
安装数据库软件
在$ORACLE_HOME/install/response目录中有一个安装rsp文件示例
配置响应文件
[oracle@ora19c ~]$ vi 19c_dbinstall.rsp oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0 oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=backdba oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dgdba oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=kmdba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=racdba oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=true oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
执行安装
openaix1:/home/oracle$$ORACLE_HOME/runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/19c_dbinstall.rsp ******************************************************************************** Your platform requires the root user to perform certain pre-installation OS preparation. The root user should run the shell script 'rootpre.sh' before you proceed with Oracle installation. The rootpre.sh script can be found at: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/clone/rootpre.sh Answer 'y' if root has run 'rootpre.sh' so you can proceed with Oracle installation. Answer 'n' to abort installation and then ask root to run 'rootpre.sh'. ******************************************************************************** Has 'rootpre.sh' been run by root in this machine? [y/n] (n) y Launching Oracle Database Setup Wizard... Enter password for 'root' user: [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment does not meet some optional requirements. CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. installActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.log ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: installActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually. The response file for this session can be found at: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/install/response/db_2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.rsp You can find the log of this install session at: /u01/tmp/InstallActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM/installActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM.log Successfully Setup Software with warning(s). Moved the install session logs to: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/InstallActions2020-11-17_01-49-09AM
配置监听
创建配置监听的响应文件
在/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/assistants/netca/目录有一个示例文件
aix1:/home/oracle$vi 19c_netca.rsp
"19c_netca.rsp" [New file]
[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="19.0"
CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"
[oracle.net.ca]
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}
INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""
LISTENER_NUMBER=1
LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}
LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""
NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}
NSN_NUMBER=1
NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}
NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}
NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}
aix1:/home/oracle$netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/19c_netca.rsp
UnsatisfiedLinkError exception loading native library: njni19
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: njni19 (Not found in java.library.path)
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: oracle/net/common/NetGetEnv.jniGetOracleHome()Ljava/lang/String;
at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.getOracleHome(Unknown Source)
at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.getOracleHome(NetCALogger.java:230)
at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initOracleParameters(NetCALogger.java:215)
at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initLogger(NetCALogger.java:130)
at oracle.net.ca.NetCA.main(NetCA.java:459)
Error: oracle/net/common/NetGetEnv.jniGetOracleHome()Ljava/lang/String;
Oracle Net Services configuration failed. The exit code is 1
# lsdev | grep iocp
iocp0 Defined I/O Completion Ports
# smitty iocp
# lsdev | grep iocp
iocp0 Available I/O Completion Ports
aix1:/home/oracle$$ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all
writing relink log to: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/install/relinkActions2020-11-16_11-17-27PM.log
aix1:/home/oracle$netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/19c_netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/19c_netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
aix1:/home/oracle$lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 16-NOV-2020 23:24:53
Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=aix1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date 16-NOV-2020 23:23:28
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 27 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/aix1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=aix1)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
创建数据库
创建配置数据库的响应文件
在/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/assistants/dbca/目录中有一个示例文件
[oracle@ora19c install]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp aix1:/home/oracle$vi 19c_dbca.rsp automaticMemoryManagement=TRUE responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v19.0.0 templateName=General_Purpose.dbc gdbName=hxsy sid=hxsy databaseConfigType=SI createAsContainerDatabase=TRUE numberOfPDBs=1 pdbName=hxsy1 useLocalUndoForPDBs=TRUE pdbAdminPassword=hxsy_123456 sysPassword=hxsy_123456 systemPassword=hxsy_123456 storageType=FS characterSet=ZHS16GBK nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16 listeners=LISTENER sampleSchema=TRUE totalMemory 2048 databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE automaticMemoryManagement=FALSE totalMemory=4096
创建数据库
aix1:/home/oracle$dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /home/oracle/19c_dbca.rsp [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYS' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'SYSTEM' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. [WARNING] [DBT-06208] The 'PDBADMIN' password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards. CAUSE: a. Oracle recommends that the password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9]. b.The password entered is a keyword that Oracle does not recommend to be used as password ACTION: Specify a strong password. If required refer Oracle documentation for guidelines. Prepare for db operation 8% complete Copying database files 31% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 32% complete 36% complete 40% complete 43% complete 46% complete Completing Database Creation 51% complete 53% complete 54% complete Creating Pluggable Databases 58% complete 77% complete Executing Post Configuration Actions 100% complete Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/hxsy. Database Information: Global Database Name:hxsy System Identifier(SID):hxsy Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/hxsy/hxsy.log" for further details.
给主库配置归档
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 5
Current log sequence 7
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch' scope=both sid='*';
System altered.
SQL> show parameter log_archive_for
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_format string %t_%s_%r.dbf
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 16 16:32:33 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3221222936 bytes
Fixed Size 9303576 bytes
Variable Size 956301312 bytes
Database Buffers 2231369728 bytes
Redo Buffers 24248320 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 HXSY1 MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database hxsy1 open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> show pdbs;
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 HXSY1 READ WRITE NO
这里主库已经启用了归档
启用force logging
SQL> alter database force logging; Database altered. SQL> select force_logging from v$database; FORCE_LOGGING --------------------------------------- YES
给备库创建密码文件
这里通过复制主库的密码文件来创建备库密码文件
openaix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$scp oracle@aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs/orapwhxsy /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs/ oracle@aix1's password: orapwhxsy 100% 2048 199.4KB/s 00:00 openaix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$ls -lrt total 16 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3079 May 16 2015 init.ora -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2048 Nov 17 16:40 orapwhxsy
给备库创建参数文件
使用主库的参数文件进行创建
SQL> create pfile from spfile; File created. aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$cat inithxsy.ora *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/hxsy/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='19.0.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_name='hxsy' *.db_unique_name='hxsy_dg' *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=hxsyXDB)' *.enable_pluggable_database=true *.local_listener='LISTENER_HXSY' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=hxsy_dg' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=hxsy LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=hxsy' *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(hxsy,hxsy_dg)' *.nls_language='AMERICAN' *.nls_territory='AMERICA' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=1024m *.processes=2560 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=3072m *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' --备库以备库角色运行时需要设置的参数 *.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG' *.fal_client='hxsy_dg' *.fal_server='hxsy' *.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG' *.standby_file_management='auto'
在备库主机上创建参数文件
openaix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$vi inithxsy.ora "inithxsy.ora" [New file] *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/hxsy/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='19.0.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_name='hxsy' *.db_unique_name='hxsy_dg' *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=hxsyXDB)' *.enable_pluggable_database=true *.local_listener='LISTENER_HXSY' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=hxsy_dg' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=hxsy LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=hxsy' *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(hxsy,hxsy_dg)' *.nls_language='AMERICAN' *.nls_territory='AMERICA' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=1024m *.processes=2560 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.sga_target=3072m *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG' *.fal_client='hxsy_dg' *.fal_server='hxsy' *.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG' *.standby_file_management='auto'
为主库和备库配置监听
主库
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = hxsy)
(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=hxsy)
)
)
备库
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = hxsy)
(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=hxsy_dg)
)
)
重启主库和备库的监听
主库:
aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/network/admin$lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 16-NOV-2020 16:58:45 Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=aix1)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Start Date 16-NOV-2020 16:58:06 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 39 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/aix1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=aix1)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "hxsy" has 1 instance(s). Instance "hxsy", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
备库:
openaix1:/home/oracle$lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-NOV-2020 17:01:03 Copyright (c) 1991, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/openaix1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=openaix1)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=openaix1)(PORT=1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Start Date 17-NOV-2020 17:01:04 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/openaix1/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=openaix1)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Services Summary... Service "hxsy_dg" has 1 instance(s). Instance "hxsy", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
为主库和备库创建Oracle Net服务名
主库:
HXSY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.24.117)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = hxsy)
)
)
HXSY_DG =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.24.116)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = hxsy_dg)
(UR=A)
)
)
备库:
使用备份创建备库
openaix1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 17 17:07:09 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3221222936 bytes
Fixed Size 9242136 bytes
Variable Size 754974720 bytes
Database Buffers 2449473536 bytes
Redo Buffers 7532544 bytes
aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$rman target sys/hxsy_123456@hxsy auxiliary sys/hxsy_123456@hxsy_dg
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 16 17:23:03 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: HXSY (DBID=1728588152)
connected to auxiliary database: HXSY (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
Starting Duplicate Db at 2020-11-16 17:23:12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=2420 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
passwordfile auxiliary format '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs/orapwhxsy' ;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 2020-11-16 17:23:14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=2908 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 2020-11-16 17:23:16
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone from service 'hxsy' standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 2020-11-16 17:23:16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 2020-11-16 17:23:22
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/temp01.dbf";
set newname for tempfile 2 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/temp012020-11-17_00-11-36-085-AM.dbf";
set newname for tempfile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 7 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/users01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 8 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 9 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 10 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 11 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 12 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/users01.dbf";
restore
from nonsparse from service
'hxsy' clone database
;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/temp01.dbf in control file
renamed tempfile 2 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/temp012020-11-17_00-11-36-085-AM.dbf in control file
renamed tempfile 3 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 2020-11-16 17:23:32
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service hxsy
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished restore at 2020-11-16 17:25:31
sql statement: alter system archive log current
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=1056734739 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=1056734739 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/system01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/users01.dbf
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/system01.dbf
datafile 10 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=12 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 11 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=13 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 12 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=14 STAMP=1056734740 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/users01.dbf
Finished Duplicate Db at 2020-11-16 17:25:45
openaix1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG$sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 17 17:26:54 2020 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME STATUS ---------------- ------------ hxsy MOUNTED SQL> show parameter db_unique_name NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_unique_name string hxsy_dg SQL> select name from v$datafile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/users01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/system01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/sysaux01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/undotbs01.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/users01.dbf 11 rows selected.
对物理备库创建备重做日志文件
查询主库的联机重做日志文件，备重做日志文件的大小应该与主库联机重做日志文件的大小相同，备重做日志文件组的数量应该比主库联机重做日志文件组多一组，计算公式为
(maximum # of logfiles +1) * maximum # of threads
aix1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3/db/dbs$sqlplus sys/hxsy_123456@hxsy as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Nov 16 17:28:21 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo01.log
SQL> select group#,thread#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# BYTES/1024/1024
---------- ---------- ---------------
1 1 200
2 1 200
3 1 200
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo01.log
SQL> select group#,thread#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# BYTES/1024/1024
---------- ---------- ---------------
1 1 200
3 1 200
2 1 200
备库:
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 4('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo04.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo05.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 6('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo06.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 7('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo07.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
主库:
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 4('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo04.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo05.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 6('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo06.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 7('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/redo07.log') size 200M;
Database altered.
设置主库相关初始化参数
log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(hxsy,hxsy_dg)' log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/arch valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=hxsy' log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=hxsy_dg LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=hxsy_dg' log_archive_dest_state_1=enable log_archive_dest_state_2=enable remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive log_archive_format= %t_%s_%r.dbf log_archive_max_processes=30
主库以备库角色运行时需要额外设置的参数。这些参数当主库被转换为备库角色运行时生效:
fal_server='hxsy_dg' fal_client='hxsy' db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY' log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY' standby_file_management='auto'
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/arch valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=hxsy' scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=hxsy_dg LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=hxsy_dg'scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=enable scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_max_processes=30 scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set fal_server='hxsy_dg' scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set fal_client='hxsy' scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY' scope=spfile sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY' scope=spfile sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='auto' scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(hxsy,hxsy_dg)' scope=both sid='*'; System altered. SQL> select name, database_role, open_mode from gv$database; NAME DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE --------- ---------------- -------------------- HXSY PRIMARY READ WRITE SQL> select name, database_role, open_mode from gv$database; NAME DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE --------- ---------------- -------------------- HXSY PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY
使用alter database语句来启用实时应用功能:
.对于物理备库执行alter database recover managed standby database(在Oracle 12.1中需要指定current logfile子句来启用实时应用，但在12.2中不再需要)。
在备库节点上执行实时重做应用
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; Database altered.
alert日志信息如下
# tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/hxsy_dg/hxsy/trace/alert_hxsy.log ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 202 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 202: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/temp012020-11-17_00-11-36-085-AM.dbf' 2020-11-17T17:47:58.239174-06:00 File 202 not verified due to error ORA-01157 2020-11-17T17:47:58.390428-06:00 PDB$SEED(2):Re-creating tempfile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/pdbseed/temp012020-11-17_00-11-36-085-AM.dbf 2020-11-17T17:47:59.013123-06:00 PDB$SEED(2):Opening pdb with no Resource Manager plan active Physical standby database opened for read only access. Completed: alter database open 2020-11-17T17:50:46.966690-06:00 Warning: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE has been deprecated. Warning: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE has been deprecated. alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session 2020-11-17T17:50:47.069179-06:00 Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (hxsy) Starting background process MRP0 2020-11-17T17:50:47.296690-06:00 MRP0 started with pid=67, OS id=10682718 2020-11-17T17:50:47.329349-06:00 Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (hxsy) 2020-11-17T17:50:52.560871-06:00 Started logmerger process 2020-11-17T17:50:52.734970-06:00 IM on ADG: Start of Empty Journal IM on ADG: End of Empty Journal PR00 (PID:12190072): Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply max_pdb is 3 2020-11-17T17:50:54.165887-06:00 Parallel Media Recovery started with 8 slaves 2020-11-17T17:50:54.389175-06:00 stopping change tracking 2020-11-17T17:50:54.609199-06:00 PR00 (PID:12190072): Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/arch/1_7_1056672314.dbf 2020-11-17T17:50:54.799176-06:00 PR00 (PID:12190072): Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/arch/1_8_1056672314.dbf 2020-11-17T17:50:54.877923-06:00 TT02 (PID:12779914): Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived 2020-11-17T17:50:54.987923-06:00 TT02 (PID:12779914): All non-current ORLs have been archived 2020-11-17T17:50:55.311006-06:00 Completed: alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session 2020-11-17T17:50:55.335874-06:00 PR00 (PID:12190072): Media Recovery Waiting for T-1.S-9 (in transit) 2020-11-17T17:50:55.376975-06:00 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 4 Seq 9 Reading mem 0 2020-11-17T17:50:55.412407-06:00 Mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo04.log
在主库创建表空间test
SQL> create tablespace test datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/test01.dbf' size 50M;
Tablespace created.
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
TEMP
USERS
TEST
6 rows selected.
SQL> select con_id,ts#,name from v$tablespace;
CON_ID TS# NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------------------
1 1 SYSAUX
1 0 SYSTEM
1 2 UNDOTBS1
1 4 USERS
1 3 TEMP
2 0 SYSTEM
2 1 SYSAUX
2 2 UNDOTBS1
2 3 TEMP
3 0 SYSTEM
3 1 SYSAUX
CON_ID TS# NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------------------
3 2 UNDOTBS1
3 3 TEMP
3 5 USERS
1 6 TEST
15 rows selected.
SQL> select ts#,name from v$datafile where ts#=6 and con_id=1;
TS# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY/test01.dbf
备库alert日志如下:
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 4 Seq 9 Reading mem 0 2020-11-17T17:50:55.412407-06:00 Mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/redo04.log 2020-11-17T17:52:48.412685-06:00 Recovery created file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/test01.dbf 2020-11-17T17:52:48.453155-06:00 Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/hxsy_dg/hxsy/trace/hxsy_dbw0_7602670.trc: ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 203 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 203: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/hxsy1/temp01.dbf' ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 7 Successfully added datafile 13 to media recovery Datafile #13: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/test01.dbf' 2020-11-17T17:53:13.126690-06:00 Control autobackup written to DISK device
备库:
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
TEMP
USERS
TEST
6 rows selected.
SQL> select con_id,ts#,name from v$tablespace;
CON_ID TS# NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------------------
1 1 SYSAUX
1 0 SYSTEM
1 2 UNDOTBS1
1 4 USERS
1 3 TEMP
2 0 SYSTEM
2 1 SYSAUX
2 2 UNDOTBS1
2 3 TEMP
3 0 SYSTEM
3 1 SYSAUX
CON_ID TS# NAME
---------- ---------- ------------------------------
3 2 UNDOTBS1
3 3 TEMP
3 5 USERS
1 6 TEST
15 rows selected.
SQL> select ts#,name from v$datafile where ts#=6 and con_id=1;
TS# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/HXSY_DG/test01.dbf
验证
主库:
SQL> create table t1 as select * from dba_users;
Table created.
SQL> select count(*) from t1;
COUNT(*)
----------
36
SQL> create table t2(id number(20),name varchar2(20));
Table created.
SQL> insert into t2 values(1,'jy');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> update t2 set name='hy' where id=1;
1 row updated.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> delete from t2;
1 row deleted.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> create table t3(id number(20),name varchar2(20)) tablespace test;
Table created.
SQL> insert into t3 values(1,'jy');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
备库
SQL> select count(*) from t1;
COUNT(*)
----------
36
SQL> desc t2;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER(20)
NAME VARCHAR2(20)
SQL> select * from t2;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 jy
SQL> select * from t2;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 hy
SQL> select * from t2;
no rows selected
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> desc t3;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER(20)
NAME VARCHAR2(20)
SQL> select * from t3;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 jy
验证物理备库是否执行正确
在创建物理备库后并且设置重做传输服务，可能想要验证主库的数据库修改是否会成功的传输到备库。对于备库可以查询v$managed_standby视图来验证重做是否被从主库传输到备库并应用。
SQL> select client_process,process,thread#,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby where client_process='LGWR' or process='MRP0'; CLIENT_P PROCESS THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS -------- --------- ---------- ---------- ------------ LGWR RFS 1 9 IDLE N/A MRP0 1 9 APPLYING_LOG
上面的查询对于使用CLIENT_PROCESS为LGWR的主库会显示一行记录，它指示重做传输工作正常并且主重做线程将会被发送到备库。 如果主库是RAC数据库，那么对于使用CLIENT_PROCESS为LGWR的当前活动的每个主库实例都会显示一行记录。
上面的查询对于MRP也行显示一行。如果MRP的状态显示为APPLYING_LOG并且SEQUENCE#等于主库当前正被发送的日志序列号，那么备库已经解决了所有的日志差异并且当前处于实时应用日志模式。
查询主库当前正被发送日志的序列号为9与上面的MRP进程所显示的sequence#(9)相同
SQL> select group#,thread#,sequence#,status from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------
1 1 7 INACTIVE
2 1 8 INACTIVE
3 1 9 CURRENT
注意MRP进程可能显示的sequence#比主库当前被发送的日志序列号小，那么这就表示正在应用的归档重做日志文件与发送的日志文件之间存在差异并且它并没有赶上。一旦所有差异被解决，相同的查询将显示MRP正在应用当前sequence#。