YongJing(敬勇) – 第24页 – 但行好事莫问前程

Oracle Linux Install Oracle 18C RAC

Posted on 2020年3月17日2020年3月17日 by YongJing(敬勇)

安装环境为Oracle Linux 7.1，Oracle版本为18C，下面是RAC环境的IP配置

ip地址          主机名                   类型     解析方式 
10.10.10.171  18c1                    public   DNS或etc/hosts 
10.10.10.172  18c2                    public   DNS或etc/hosts 
88.88.87.1    18c1-priv               private  DNS或etc/hosts 
88.88.87.2    18c2-priv               private  DNS或etc/hosts 
10.10.10.175  18c1-vip                virtual  DNS或etc/hosts 
10.10.10.176  18c2-vip                virtual  DNS或etc/hosts
10.10.10.177  jycs-scan               scan     DNS或etc/hosts
10.10.10.178  jycs-scan               scan     DNS或etc/hosts
10.10.10.179  jycs-scan               scan     DNS或etc/hosts

[root@localhost soft]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.10.10.171 18c1
10.10.10.172 18c2
88.88.87.1 18c1-priv
88.88.87.2 18c2-priv
10.10.10.175 18c1-vip
10.10.10.176 18c2-vip

10.10.10.177 jycs-scan
10.10.10.178 jycs-scan
10.10.10.179 jycs-scan

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.10.10.171 18c1
10.10.10.172 18c2
88.88.87.1 18c1-priv
88.88.87.2 18c2-priv
10.10.10.175 18c1-vip
10.10.10.176 18c2-vip

10.10.10.177 jycs-scan
10.10.10.178 jycs-scan
10.10.10.179 jycs-scan

创建用户组

[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1006 asmadmin
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1007 asmdba
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1008 asmoper
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1009 dba
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1010 oper
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1011 oinstall
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1012 backupdba
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1013 dgdba
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1014 kmdba
[root@jytest1 ~]# groupadd -g 1015 racdba


[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1006 asmadmin
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1007 asmdba
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1008 asmoper
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1009 dba
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1010 oper
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1011 oinstall
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1012 backupdba
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1013 dgdba
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1014 kmdba
[root@jytest2 ~]# groupadd -g 1015 racdba

创建用户
[root@jytest1 ~]#useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,oper,asmadmin oracle
[root@jytest1 ~]#useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid

[root@jytest2 ~]#useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,oper,asmadmin oracle
[root@jytest2 ~]#useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid

[root@jytest1 /]# passwd grid
Changing password for user grid.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@jytest1 /]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@jytest2 /]# passwd grid
Changing password for user grid.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@jytest2 /]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

配置ASM所需磁盘,编辑/etc/udev/rules.d/99-my-asmdevices.rules配置文件

[root@18c1 rules.d]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-my-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29b61b89a10988ac7ee8d332517", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk01 b  $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asmdisk01; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk01'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29dfb622388fc0d35385109c4e9", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk02 b  $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asmdisk02; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk02'"

[root@18c2 rules.d]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-my-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29b61b89a10988ac7ee8d332517", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk01 b  $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asmdisk01; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk01'"

KERNEL=="sd*[!0-9]", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="disk", SUBSYSTEM=="block",  PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d $devnode",  RESULT=="36000c29dfb622388fc0d35385109c4e9", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'mknod /dev/asmdisk02 b  $major $minor; chown grid:asmadmin /dev/asmdisk02; chmod 0660 /dev/asmdisk02'"
[root@18c1 rules.d]#  /sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change
[root@18c2 ~]#  /sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change

[root@18c1 rules.d]#  ls -lrt /dev/asm*
brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Mar 16 17:00 /dev/asmdisk01
brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Mar 16 17:01 /dev/asmdisk02

[root@18c2 ~]#  ls -lrt /dev/asm*
brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Mar 16 17:00 /dev/asmdisk01
brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Mar 16 17:02 /dev/asmdisk02

以root用户创建“Oracle inventory 目录”

[root@18c1 rules.d]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

[root@18c2 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@18c2 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
[root@18c2 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

以root用户创建“Grid Infrastructure BASE 目录”

[root@18c1 rules.d]# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid

[root@18c2 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
[root@18c2 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
[root@18c2 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid

以root用户创建“Grid Infrastructure Home 目录”

[root@18c1 rules.d]# mkdir -p /u01/app/18.0.0/grid
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/18.0.0/grid
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/18.0.0/grid

[root@18c2 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/18.0.0/grid
[root@18c2 ~]# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/18.0.0/grid
[root@18c2 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/18.0.0/grid

以root用户创建“Oracle Base 目录”

[root@18c1 rules.d]#  mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@18c1 rules.d]#  chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

[root@18c2 ~]#  mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@18c2 ~]#  chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@18c2 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

以root用户创建“Oracle RDBMS Home 目录”

[root@18c1 rules.d]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db
[root@18c1 rules.d]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db

[root@18c2 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db
[root@18c2 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db
[root@18c2 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db

创建一个tmp目录

[root@18c1 /]# mkdir /u01/tmp
[root@18c1 /]# chmod a+wr /u01/tmp

[root@18c2 ~]# mkdir /u01/tmp
[root@18c2 ~]# chmod a+wr /u01/tmp

设置环境变量

[root@jytest1 ~]# su - grid

[grid@18c1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/18.0.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022
[root@jytest2 ~]# su - grid
[grid@18c2 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/18.0.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022

[root@18c1 /]# su - oracle
[oracle@18c1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH


TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db
export ORACLE_SID=jycs1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=jycs
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022

[root@18c2 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@18c2 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin

export PATH

TEMP=/u01/tmp
TMPDIR=/u01/tmp
export TEMP TMPDIR
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=3.8.13
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db
export ORACLE_SID=jycs2
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=jycs
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
umask=022

修改内核参数编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件

[root@18c1 /]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304



[root@18c1 /]# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304

[root@18c2 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.
# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/.conf file
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304

~
[root@18c2 ~]# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304

修改oarcle参数的shell限制,在所有节点的/etc/security/limits.conf文件中添加以下参数

grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768
grid soft memlock 3145728
grid hard memlock 3145728

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 3145728
oracle hard memlock 3145728

修改shell的默认参数文件，在所有节点的/etc/profile文件中添加以下内容：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi


if [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

对C shell(csh or tcsh) 在所有节点的/etc/csh.login文件中增加以下代码

if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
endif

if ( $USER == "grid" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
endif

解压GI安装压缩包：

[grid@jytest1 soft]cd /soft/
[grid@18c1 soft]$ unzip LINUX.X64_180000_grid_home.zip -d /u01/app/18.0.0/grid

这里使用xshell与xmanager来执行安装

[root@18c1 ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@18c1 ~]# su - grid
Last login: Mon Mar 16 17:36:02 CST 2020 on pts/1
[grid@18c1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/18.0.0/grid
[grid@18c1 grid]$ export DISPLAY=10.138.130.242:0.0
[grid@18c1 grid]$ ./gridSetup.sh

以root用户分别在两个节点上执行以下脚本，先在主节点执行。

[root@18c1 /]# ./u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.

[root@18c2 /]# ./u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.


[root@18c1 /]# ./u01/app/18.0.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= grid
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/18.0.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Relinking oracle with rac_on option
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
The log of current session can be found at:
  /u01/app/grid/crsdata/18c1/crsconfig/rootcrs_18c1_2020-03-16_07-10-52PM.log
2020/03/16 19:11:26 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 20: 'SetupTFA'.
2020/03/16 19:11:26 CLSRSC-4001: Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) Collector.
2020/03/16 19:12:15 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) Collector.
2020/03/16 19:12:15 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 20: 'ValidateEnv'.
2020/03/16 19:12:15 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation
2020/03/16 19:12:15 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 20: 'CheckFirstNode'.
2020/03/16 19:12:19 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 20: 'GenSiteGUIDs'.
2020/03/16 19:12:24 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 20: 'SaveParamFile'.
2020/03/16 19:12:41 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 20: 'SetupOSD'.
2020/03/16 19:12:41 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 20: 'CheckCRSConfig'.
2020/03/16 19:12:41 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 20: 'SetupLocalGPNP'.
2020/03/16 19:13:25 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 20: 'CreateRootCert'.
2020/03/16 19:13:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 20: 'ConfigOLR'.
2020/03/16 19:13:58 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 20: 'ConfigCHMOS'.
2020/03/16 19:13:58 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 20: 'CreateOHASD'.
2020/03/16 19:14:13 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 20: 'ConfigOHASD'.
2020/03/16 19:14:14 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'
2020/03/16 19:15:02 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 20: 'InstallAFD'.
2020/03/16 19:16:10 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 20: 'InstallACFS'.
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c1'
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
2020/03/16 19:16:55 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 20: 'InstallKA'.
2020/03/16 19:17:10 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 20: 'InitConfig'.
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c1'
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.driver.afd' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.driver.afd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on '18c1' succeeded

[INFO] [DBT-30161] Disk label(s) created successfully. Check /u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/asmca/asmca-200316PM071759.log for details.
[INFO] [DBT-30001] Disk groups created successfully. Check /u01/app/grid/cfgtoollogs/asmca/asmca-200316PM071759.log for details.


2020/03/16 19:19:59 CLSRSC-482: Running command: '/u01/app/18.0.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -upgrade grid oinstall'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crf' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.storage' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.storage' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crf' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
Successful addition of voting disk b1f6f23bbaef4ff2bf3cdfdec8a72881.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +CRS.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
##  STATE    File Universal Id                File Name Disk group
--  -----    -----------------                --------- ---------
 1. ONLINE   b1f6f23bbaef4ff2bf3cdfdec8a72881 (AFD:CRS1) [CRS]
Located 1 voting disk(s).
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crsd' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crsd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.storage' on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.crf' on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.crf' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.storage' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.asm' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.asm' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.ctssd' on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.ctssd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.cssd' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.cssd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.driver.afd' on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gipcd' on '18c1'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.driver.afd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.gipcd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c1' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
2020/03/16 19:22:35 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 20: 'StartCluster'.
CRS-4123: Starting Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crf' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crf' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.storage' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.storage' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-6023: Starting Oracle Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
CRS-6017: Processing resource auto-start for servers: 18c1
CRS-6016: Resource auto-start has completed for server 18c1
CRS-6024: Completed start of Oracle Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
2020/03/16 19:24:23 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack
2020/03/16 19:24:23 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 20: 'ConfigNode'.
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.CRS.dg' on '18c1'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.CRS.dg' on '18c1' succeeded
2020/03/16 19:27:00 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 20 of 20: 'PostConfig'.
2020/03/16 19:29:03 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded 

[root@18c2 /]# ./u01/app/18.0.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= grid
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/18.0.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Relinking oracle with rac_on option
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
The log of current session can be found at:
  /u01/app/grid/crsdata/18c2/crsconfig/rootcrs_18c2_2020-03-16_07-30-27PM.log
2020/03/16 19:30:47 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 1 of 20: 'SetupTFA'.
2020/03/16 19:30:47 CLSRSC-4001: Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) Collector.
2020/03/16 19:32:12 CLSRSC-4002: Successfully installed Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) Collector.
2020/03/16 19:32:12 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 2 of 20: 'ValidateEnv'.
2020/03/16 19:32:12 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation
2020/03/16 19:32:12 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 3 of 20: 'CheckFirstNode'.
2020/03/16 19:32:15 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 4 of 20: 'GenSiteGUIDs'.
2020/03/16 19:32:15 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 5 of 20: 'SaveParamFile'.
2020/03/16 19:32:19 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 6 of 20: 'SetupOSD'.
2020/03/16 19:32:20 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 7 of 20: 'CheckCRSConfig'.
2020/03/16 19:32:20 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 8 of 20: 'SetupLocalGPNP'.
2020/03/16 19:32:22 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 9 of 20: 'CreateRootCert'.
2020/03/16 19:32:22 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 10 of 20: 'ConfigOLR'.
2020/03/16 19:32:27 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 11 of 20: 'ConfigCHMOS'.
2020/03/16 19:32:27 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 12 of 20: 'CreateOHASD'.
2020/03/16 19:32:29 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 13 of 20: 'ConfigOHASD'.
2020/03/16 19:32:29 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'
2020/03/16 19:33:05 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 14 of 20: 'InstallAFD'.
2020/03/16 19:33:58 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 15 of 20: 'InstallACFS'.
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c2'
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c2' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
2020/03/16 19:34:31 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 16 of 20: 'InstallKA'.
2020/03/16 19:34:33 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 17 of 20: 'InitConfig'.
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c2'
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c2' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c2'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.drivers.acfs' on '18c2'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.drivers.acfs' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on '18c2' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
2020/03/16 19:35:14 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 18 of 20: 'StartCluster'.
CRS-4123: Starting Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c2'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.evmd' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.evmd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crf' on '18c2'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on '18c2'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crf' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on '18c2'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.crsd' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.crsd' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-6017: Processing resource auto-start for servers: 18c2
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr' on '18c2'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ons' on '18c2'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.scan1.vip' on '18c1'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.scan1.vip' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.scan1.vip' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.scan1.vip' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ons' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.proxy_advm' on '18c1'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.proxy_advm' on '18c2'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.proxy_advm' on '18c1' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.proxy_advm' on '18c2' succeeded
CRS-6016: Resource auto-start has completed for server 18c2
CRS-6024: Completed start of Oracle Cluster Ready Services-managed resources
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
2020/03/16 19:38:09 CLSRSC-343: Successfully started Oracle Clusterware stack
2020/03/16 19:38:09 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 19 of 20: 'ConfigNode'.
2020/03/16 19:38:34 CLSRSC-594: Executing installation step 20 of 20: 'PostConfig'.
2020/03/16 19:39:07 CLSRSC-325: Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded

检查集群信息

[root@18c1 /]# su - grid
Last login: Mon Mar 16 19:40:16 CST 2020
[grid@18c1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.CRS.GHCHKPT.advm
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c2                     STABLE
ora.CRS.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.crs.ghchkpt.acfs
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c1                     volume /opt/oracle/r
                                                             hp_images/chkbase is
                                                             unmounted,STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c2                     STABLE
ora.helper
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c2                     IDLE,STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.proxy_advm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.18c1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.18c2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     Started,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     Started,STABLE
      3        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.qosmserver
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.rhpserver
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

安装数据库软件

[oracle@18c1 soft]$ unzip LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db 

[root@18c1 ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@18c1 ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Mon Mar 16 17:20:14 CST 2020 on pts/0
[oracle@18c1 ~]$ cd  $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@18c1  db]$ export DISPLAY=10.138.130.242:0.0
[oracle@18c1 db]$ ./runInstaller

以 root用户在所有节点上执行以下脚本，先在主节点执行

[root@18c1 /]# ./u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[root@18c2 /]# ./u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/18.0.0/db

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

创建数据库jycs

[oracle@jytest1 database]$ dbca

检查数据库配置信息

[grid@18c2 18.0.0]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.CRS.GHCHKPT.advm
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c2                     STABLE
ora.CRS.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.chad
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.crs.ghchkpt.acfs
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c1                     STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c2                     STABLE
ora.helper
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c1                     IDLE,STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      18c2                     IDLE,STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.proxy_advm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.18c1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.18c2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     169.254.11.99 88.88.
                                                             87.1,STABLE
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     Started,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     Started,STABLE
      3        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.jycs.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
                                                             racle/18.0.0/db,STAB
                                                             LE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
                                                             racle/18.0.0/db,STAB
                                                             LE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     Open,STABLE
ora.qosmserver
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.rhpserver
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c2                     STABLE
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       18c1                     STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

到此18C RAC for Oracle Linux 7.1的安装完成！

DMSQL DM自增列的使用

Posted on 2020年3月2日 by YongJing(敬勇)

DM自增列的使用
DM自增列定义
1．自增列功能定义
在表中创建一个自增列。该属性与CREATE TABLE语句一起使用，一个表只能有一个自增列。
语法格式
IDENTITY [ (种子, 增量) ]
参数
1．种子装载到表中的第一个行所使用的值；
2．增量增量值，该值被添加到前一个已装载的行的标识值上。增量值可以为正数或负数，但不能为0。

使用说明
1．IDENTITY 适用于int(-2147483648～+2147483647)、bigint(-263～+263-2)类型的列；每个表只能创建一个自增列；
2．不能对自增列使用DEFAULT 约束；
3．必须同时指定种子和增量值，或者二者都不指定。如果二者都未指定，则取默认值(1,1)；若种子或增量为小数类型，报错；
4．最大值和最小值为该列的数据类型的边界；
5．建表种子和增量大于最大值或者种子和增量小于最小值时报错；
6．自增列一旦生成，无法更新，不允许用Update语句进行修改；
7. 临时表、列存储表、水平分区表、垂直分区表不支持使用自增列。

2．自增列查询函数
1) IDENT_SEED(函数)
语法格式：
IDENT_SEED (‘tablename’)
功能：返回种子值，该值是在带有自增列的表中创建自增列时指定的。
参数：tablename：是带有引号的字符串常量，也可以是变量、函数或列名。tablename的数据类型为char或varchar。其含义是表名，可带模式名前缀。
返回类型：返回数据类型为int / NULL
2) IDENT_INCR(函数)
语法格式：
IDENT_INCR (‘tablename’)
功能：返回增量值，该值是在带有自增列的表中创建自增列时指定的。
参数：tablename：是带有引号的字符串常量，也可以是变量、函数或列名。tablename的数据类型为char或varchar。其含义是表名，可带模式名前缀。
返回类型：返回数据类型为int / NULL
例如用自增列查询函数获得表PERSON_TYPE的自增列的种子和增量信息。

SQL> SELECT IDENT_SEED('PERSON.PERSON_TYPE');

LINEID     IDENT_SEED('PERSON.PERSON_TYPE')
---------- --------------------------------
1          1

used time: 1.529(ms). Execute id is 46903.
SQL> SELECT IDENT_INCR('PERSON.PERSON_TYPE');

LINEID     IDENT_INCR('PERSON.PERSON_TYPE')
---------- --------------------------------
1          1

used time: 0.956(ms). Execute id is 46905.

SET IDENTITY_INSERT 属性
设置是否允许将显式值插入表的自增列中。
语法格式
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [< 模式名>.]< 表名> ON | OFF;
参数
1．< 模式名> 指明表所属的模式，缺省为当前模式；
2．< 表名> 指明含有自增列的表名。
使用说明
1．IDENTITY_INSERT属性的默认值为OFF。SET IDENTITY_INSERT 的设置是在执行或运行时进行的。当一个连接结束，IDENTITY_INSERT属性将被自动还原为OFF；
2．DM要求一个会话连接中只有一个表的IDENTITY_INSERT 属性可以设置为ON，当设置一个新的表IDENTITY_INSERT 属性设置为ON时，之前已经设置为ON的表会自动还原为OFF。当一个表的IDENTITY_INSERT 属性被设置为ON时，该表中的自动增量列的值由用户指定。如果插入值大于表的当前标识值(自增列当前值)，则DM自动将新插入值作为当前标识值使用，即改变该表的自增列当前值；否则，将不影响该自增列当前值；
3．当设置一个表的IDENTITY_INSERT 属性为OFF时，新插入行中自增列的当前值由系统自动生成，用户将无法指定；
4．自增列一经插入，无法修改；
5．手动插入自增列，除了将IDENTITY_INSERT设置为ON，还要求在插入列表中明确指定待插入的自增列列名。插入方式与非IDENTITY表是完全一样的。如果插入时，既不指定自增列名也不给自增列赋值，则新插入行中自增列的当前值由系统自动生成。

举例说明
例如SET IDENTITY_INSERT 的使用
1) PERSON_TYPE表中的PERSON_TYPEID列是自增列

SQL> select * from person.person_type;

LINEID     PERSON_TYPEID NAME
---------- ------------- --------
1          1             采购经理
2          2             采购代表
3          3             销售经理
4          4             销售代表
5          9             卫生员
6          10            保洁员

6 rows got

used time: 12.207(ms). Execute id is 46927.

2) 在该表中插入数据，自增列的值由系统自动生成。

SQL> INSERT INTO PERSON.PERSON_TYPE(NAME) VALUES('销售总监');
affect rows 1

used time: 0.884(ms). Execute id is 46930.
SQL> INSERT INTO PERSON.PERSON_TYPE(NAME) VALUES('人力资源部经理');
affect rows 1

used time: 0.749(ms). Execute id is 46931.
SQL> commit;
executed successfully
used time: 21.221(ms). Execute id is 46933.
SQL> select * from person.person_type;

LINEID     PERSON_TYPEID NAME
---------- ------------- --------------
1          1             采购经理
2          2             采购代表
3          3             销售经理
4          4             销售代表
5          9             卫生员
6          10            保洁员
7          11            销售总监
8          12            人力资源部经理

8 rows got

used time: 0.445(ms). Execute id is 46934.

3) 当插入数据并且要指定自增列的值时，必须要通过语句将IDENTITY_INSERT设置为ON 时，插入语句中必须指定PERSON_TYPEID 中要插入的列。例如：

SQL> SET IDENTITY_INSERT PERSON.PERSON_TYPE ON;
executed successfully
used time: 32.673(ms). Execute id is 46938.
SQL> INSERT INTO PERSON.PERSON_TYPE(PERSON_TYPEID, NAME) VALUES( 14, '广告部经理');
affect rows 1

used time: 0.966(ms). Execute id is 46941.
SQL> INSERT INTO PERSON.PERSON_TYPE(PERSON_TYPEID, NAME) VALUES( 15, '财务部经理');
affect rows 1

used time: 0.788(ms). Execute id is 46943.
SQL> commit;
executed successfully
used time: 25.501(ms). Execute id is 46944.
SQL> select * from person.person_type;

LINEID     PERSON_TYPEID NAME
---------- ------------- --------------
1          1             采购经理
2          2             采购代表
3          3             销售经理
4          4             销售代表
5          9             卫生员
6          10            保洁员
7          11            销售总监
8          12            人力资源部经理
9          14            广告部经理
10         15            财务部经理

10 rows got

used time: 0.467(ms). Execute id is 46945.

4) 不允许用户修改自增列的值。

SQL> UPDATE PERSON.PERSON_TYPE SET PERSON_TYPEID = 14 WHERE NAME = '广告部经理';
UPDATE PERSON.PERSON_TYPE SET PERSON_TYPEID = 14 WHERE NAME = '广告部经理';
[-2664]:Error in line: 1
Try to alter identity column [PERSON_TYPEID].
used time: 0.565(ms). Execute id is 0.

5) 还原IDENTITY_INSERT属性。

SQL> SET IDENTITY_INSERT PERSON.PERSON_TYPE OFF;
executed successfully
used time: 0.597(ms). Execute id is 46951.

6) 插入后再次查询。注意观察自增列当前值的变化。

SQL> SET IDENTITY_INSERT PERSON.PERSON_TYPE OFF;
executed successfully
used time: 0.597(ms). Execute id is 46951.
SQL> INSERT INTO PERSON.PERSON_TYPE(NAME) VALUES('市场总监');
affect rows 1

used time: 1.013(ms). Execute id is 46954.
SQL> commit;
executed successfully
used time: 16.449(ms). Execute id is 46955.
SQL> select * from person.person_type;

LINEID     PERSON_TYPEID NAME
---------- ------------- --------------
1          1             采购经理
2          2             采购代表
3          3             销售经理
4          4             销售代表
5          9             卫生员
6          10            保洁员
7          11            销售总监
8          12            人力资源部经理
9          14            广告部经理
10         15            财务部经理
11         16            市场总监

11 rows got

used time: 1.000(ms). Execute id is 46956.

DMSQL LIMIT限定条件

Posted on 2020年3月2日 by YongJing(敬勇)

在DM中，可以使用限定条件对结果集做出筛选，支持LIMIT子句和ROW_LIMIT子句两种方式。
LIMIT子句
LIMIT子句按顺序选取结果集中某条记录开始的N条记录。语法如下 ::= LIMIT< <记录数>
| < <记录数>,< 记录数>>
| < <记录数> OFFSET < 偏移量>>
>
< 记录数>::=< 整数>
< 偏移量>::=< 整数>

共支持三种方式：
1. LIMIT N：选择前N条记录；
2. LIMIT M,N：选择第M条记录之后的N条记录；
3. LIMIT M OFFSET N：选择第N条记录之后的M条记录。
注意：LIMIT不能与TOP同时出现在查询语句中。
例如查询前2条记录

SQL> SELECT PRODUCTID , NAME FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT LIMIT 2;

LINEID     PRODUCTID   NAME
---------- ----------- ------
1          1           红楼梦
2          2           水浒传

used time: 1.236(ms). Execute id is 39690.

例如查询第3，4个登记的产品的编号和名称。

SQL> SELECT PRODUCTID, NAME FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT LIMIT 2 OFFSET 2;

LINEID     PRODUCTID   NAME
---------- ----------- --------------------
1          3           老人与海
2          4           射雕英雄传（全四册）

used time: 1.035(ms). Execute id is 39698.

例如查询前第5，6，7个登记的姓名。

SQL> SELECT PERSONID,NAME FROM PERSON.PERSON LIMIT 4,3;

LINEID     PERSONID    NAME
---------- ----------- ----
1          5           孙丽
2          6           黄非
3          7           王菲

used time: 1.137(ms). Execute id is 39701.

ROW_LIMIT子句
用来指定查询结果中，偏移位置的行数或者百分比行数，以便更为灵活地获取查询结果。
语法如下
< ROW_LIMIT子句>::= [OFFSET ] []
::= FETCH < 大小> [PERCENT] < ROW | ROWS >
参数说明：
offset：指定查询返回行的起始偏移。
FIRST | NEXT：FIRST为从偏移为0的位置开始。NEXT，为从指定的偏移的下一行开始获取结果。只做注释说明的作用，没有实际的限定作用。< 大小>[PERCENT]：指定返回行的行数（无PERCENT）或者百分比（有PERCENT）。ONLY | WITH TIES：指定结果集是否返回额外的行。额外的行是指与最后一行以相同的排序键排序的所有行。ONLY为只返回指定的行数。WITH TIES必须与ORDER BY子句同时出现，如果没有ORDER BY子句，则忽略WITH TIES。

参数限制：
1、offset：必须为数字。offset为负数的话视为0。offset为NULL或者大于或等于所返回的行数，返回0行。offset为小数时，小数部分截断。
2、< 大小>：只能为数字。percent 指定为负数时，视为0%。percent 为NULL，返回0行。如果percent都没有指定，返回1行。
3、不能与一起使用。
4、使用了选项，select列中不能包含有CURRVAL或者NEXTVAL伪列。
5、视图的查询定义中包含有，这个视图不会增量刷新。

例如查询价格最便宜的50%的商品

SQL> SELECT NAME, NOWPRICE FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT ORDER BY NOWPRICE FETCH FIRST 50 PERCENT ROWS ONLY;

LINEID     NAME             NOWPRICE
---------- ---------------- --------
1          老人与海         6.1000
2          突破英文基础词汇 11.1000
3          工作中无小事     11.4000
4          水浒传           14.3000
5          红楼梦           15.2000

used time: 2.689(ms). Execute id is 39731.

例如查询价格第3便宜开始的3条记录

SQL> SELECT NAME, NOWPRICE FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT ORDER BY NOWPRICE OFFSET 2 ROWS FETCH FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY;

LINEID     NAME         NOWPRICE
---------- ------------ --------
1          工作中无小事 11.4000
2          水浒传       14.3000
3          红楼梦       15.2000

used time: 2.543(ms). Execute id is 39735.

DMSQL TOP子句

Posted on 2020年3月2日 by YongJing(敬勇)

在DM中，可以使用TOP子句来筛选结果。语法如下：
::=TOP
| < ,>
| PERCENT
| WITH TIES
| PERCENT WITH TIES
::=整数（>=0）
参数
1. TOP 选择结果的前n条记录。
2. TOP , 选择第n1条记录之后的n2条记录。
3. TOP PERCENT 表示选择结果的前n%条记录。
4. TOP PERCENT WITH TIES 表示选择结果的前n%条记录，同时指定结果集可以返回额外的行。额外的行是指与最后一行以相同的排序
键排序的所有行。WITH TIES必须与ORDER BY子句同时出现，如果没有ORDER BY子句，则忽略WITH TIES。

例如查询现价最贵的两种产品的编号和名称。

SQL> SELECT TOP 2 PRODUCTID,NAME FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT
2   ORDER BY NOWPRICE DESC;

LINEID     PRODUCTID   NAME
---------- ----------- -------------------
1          10          噼里啪啦丛书(全7册)
2          6           长征

used time: 2.906(ms). Execute id is 39552.

例如查询现价第二贵的产品的编号和名称。

SQL> SELECT TOP 1,1 PRODUCTID,NAME FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT
2   ORDER BY NOWPRICE DESC;

LINEID     PRODUCTID   NAME
---------- ----------- ----
1          6           长征

used time: 2.768(ms). Execute id is 39555.

例如查询最新出版日期的70%的产品编号、名称和出版日期。

SQL> SELECT TOP 70 PERCENT WITH TIES PRODUCTID,NAME,PUBLISHTIME FROM PRODUCTION.PRODUCT ORDER BY PUBLISHTIME DESC;

LINEID     PRODUCTID   NAME                               PUBLISHTIME
---------- ----------- ---------------------------------- -----------
1          7           数据结构（C语言版）（附光盘）      2007-03-01
2          5           鲁迅文集（小说、散文、杂文）全两册 2006-09-01
3          6           长征                               2006-09-01
4          3           老人与海                           2006-08-01
5          8           工作中无小事                       2006-01-01
6          4           射雕英雄传（全四册）               2005-12-01
7          2           水浒传                             2005-04-01
8          1           红楼梦                             2005-04-01

8 rows got

used time: 1.776(ms). Execute id is 39590.

DMSQL WITH FUNCTION子句

Posted on 2020年2月26日 by YongJing(敬勇)

WITH FUNCTION子句
WITH FUNCTION子句用于在SQL语句中临时声明并定义存储函数，这些存储函数可以在其作用域内被引用。相比模式对象中的存储函数，通过WITH FUNCTION定义的存储函数在对象名解析时拥有更高的优先级。和公用表表达式CTE类似，WITH FUNCTION定义的存储函数对象也不会存储到系统表中，且只在当前SQL语句内有效。

WITH FUNCTION子句适用于偶尔需要使用存储过程的场景。和模式对象中的存储函数相比，它可以清楚地看到函数定义并避免了DDL操作带来的开销。

语法格式
WITH < 函数> {< 函数>}
参数
1．< 函数> 语法遵照《DMSQL程序设计》中存储过程的语法规则。
语句功能
供用户定义同一语句内临时使用的存储函数。
使用说明
1．中定义的函数的作用域为所在的查询表达式内；
2．同一中函数名不得重复；
3. 中定义的函数不能是外部函数。

该语句的使用者并不需要CREATE PROCEDURE数据库权限。

举例说明
例如WITH FUNCTION中定义的函数优先级高于模式对象的例子。

SQL> WITH FUNCTION f1(C INT) RETURN INT AS BEGIN RETURN C * 10; END;
2   SELECT f1(5236) FROM DUAL;
3   /

LINEID     F1(5236)   
---------- -----------
1          52360

used time: 1.352(ms). Execute id is 34061.

例如WITH FUNCTION和公用表表达式混合的例子。

SQL> WITH FUNCTION f21(C1 INT) RETURN INT AS BEGIN RETURN C1; END;
2   SELECT f21(1) FROM dual WHERE 100 IN
3   (
4   WITH FUNCTION f22(C1 INT) RETURN INT AS BEGIN RETURN C1 + 2; END;
5   FUNCTION f23(C1 INT) RETURN INT AS BEGIN RETURN C1 - 2; END;
6   v21(C) AS (SELECT 50 FROM dual)
7   SELECT f22(C) +f23(C) FROM v21
8   );
9   /

LINEID     F21(1)     
---------- -----------
1          1

used time: 12.313(ms). Execute id is 34092.

公用表表达式子句
嵌套SQL语句如果层次过多，会使SQL语句难以阅读和维护。如果将子查询放在临时表中，会使SQL语句更容易维护，但同时也增加了额外的I/O开销，因此，临时表并不太适合数据量大且频繁查询的情况。为此，在DM7中引入了公用表表达式(CTE，COMMON TABLE EXPRESSION)，使用CTE可以提高SQL语句的可维护性，同时CTE要比临时表的效率高很多。CTE 与派生表类似，具体表现在不存储为对象，并且只在查询期间有效。与派生表的不同之处在于，CTE 可自引用，还可在同一查询中引用多次。

WITH AS短语，也叫做子查询部分（SUBQUERY FACTORING），它定义一个SQL片断，该SQL片断会被整个SQL语句所用到。它可以有效提高SQL语句的可读性，也可以用在UNION ALL的不同部分，作为提供数据的部分。

公用表表达式的作用
公用表表达式（CTE）是一个在查询中定义的临时命名结果集，将在FROM子句中使用它。每个CTE仅被定义一次（但在其作用域内可以被引用任意次），并且在该查询生存期间将一直生存，而且可以使用CTE来执行递归操作。

因为UNION ALL的每个部分可能相同，但是如果每个部分都去执行一遍的话，则成本太高，所以可以使用WITH AS短语，则只要执行一遍即可。如果WITH AS短语所定义的表名被调用两次以上，则优化器会自动将WITH AS短语所获取的数据放入一个临时表里，如果只是被调用一次则不会，很多查询通过这种方法都可以提高速度。

公用表表达式的使用
语法格式
WITH < 公用表表达式子句>{, < 公用表表达式子句>}
< 公用表表达式子句>：：=< 公用表表达式名[ ( <列名>{,< 列名>} ) ] AS ( 公用表表达式子查询语句)>
参数
1．< 公用表表达式名> 公用表表达式的有效标识符；
2．< 列名> 指明被创建的公用表表达式中列的名称；
3．< 公用表表达式子查询语句> 标识公用表表达式所基于的表的行和列，其语法遵照SELECT语句的语法规则。

语句功能
供用户定义公用表表达式，也就是WITH AS语句。
使用说明
1．< 公用表表达式名>必须与在同一WITH子句中定义的任何其他公用表表达式的名称不同，但公用表表达式名可以与基表或基视图的名称相同。在查询中对公用表表达式名的任何引用都会使用公用表表达式，而不使用基对象；
2．< 列名>在一个CTE 定义中不允许出现重复的列名。指定的列名数必须与< 公用表表达式子查询语句>结果集中列数匹配。只有在查询定义中为所有结果列都提供了不同的名称时，列名称列表才是可选的；
3．< 公用表表达式子查询语句>指定一个结果集填充公用表表达式的SELECT 语句。除了CTE不能定义另一个CTE 以外，< 公用表表达式子查询语句> 的SELECT 语句必须满足与创建视图时相同的要求；
4．公用表表达式后面必须直接跟使用CTE的SQL语句，否则无效。
该语句的使用者必须对< 查询说明>中的每个表均具有SELECT权限。

举例说明
公用表表达式可以认为是在单个SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE 或CREATE VIEW 语句的执行范围内定义的临时结果集。
例如创建一个表TEST1和表TEST2，并利用公用表表达式对它们进行连接运算。

SQL> CREATE TABLE TEST1(I INT);
executed successfully
used time: 17.257(ms). Execute id is 34224.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST1 VALUES(1);
affect rows 1

used time: 1.008(ms). Execute id is 34226.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST1 VALUES(2);
affect rows 1

used time: 0.712(ms). Execute id is 34227.
SQL> CREATE TABLE TEST2(J INT);
executed successfully
used time: 42.221(ms). Execute id is 34229.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST2 VALUES(5);
affect rows 1

used time: 1.104(ms). Execute id is 34230.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST2 VALUES(6);
affect rows 1

used time: 0.696(ms). Execute id is 34232.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST2 VALUES(7);
affect rows 1

used time: 0.664(ms). Execute id is 34234.
SQL> WITH CTE1(K) AS(SELECT I FROM TEST1 WHERE I > 1),
2   CTE2(G) AS(SELECT J FROM TEST2 WHERE J > 5)
3   SELECT K, G FROM CTE1, CTE2;

LINEID     K           G          
---------- ----------- -----------
1          2           6
2          2           7

used time: 1.692(ms). Execute id is 34237.

例如利用公用表表达式将表TEST1中的记录插入到TEST2表中。

SQL> INSERT INTO TEST2 WITH CTE1 AS(SELECT * FROM TEST1)
2   SELECT * FROM CTE1;
affect rows 2

used time: 1.048(ms). Execute id is 34247.
SQL> SELECT * FROM TEST2;

LINEID     J          
---------- -----------
1          5
2          6
3          7
4          1
5          2

used time: 1.135(ms). Execute id is 34249.

私有IP丢失造成Oracle 12C RAC集群节点不能启动

Posted on 2020年2月20日 by YongJing(敬勇)

某生产环境Oracle Linux 7.1,Oracle 12C RAC显示节点1的集群资源没有启动，信息如下:

[grid@cs2 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.CRS.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.chad
               ONLINE  OFFLINE      cs2                      STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  OFFLINE      cs2                      STABLE
ora.proxy_advm
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      cs2                      STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      169.254.255.92 88.88
                                                             .88.191,STABLE
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      Started,STABLE
      3        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.cs.db
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               STABLE
      2        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               Instance Shutdown,ST
                                                             ABLE
ora.cs1.vip
      1        ONLINE  INTERMEDIATE cs2                      FAILED OVER,STABLE
ora.cs2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.gns
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.gns.vip
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE                               Instance Shutdown,ST
                                                             ABLE
ora.qosmserver
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

如果查看节点1上的alert.log文件，信息如下:

[root@cs1 soft]# tail -100 /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/alert.log

2020-01-14 20:45:50.226 [CVUD(2366CRS-10051: CVU found following errors with Clusterware setup : PRVE-3191 :
(DESCRIPTION = (LOAD_BALANCE=on)  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = cs-cluster-scan.cs-cluster.jy.net)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = cs)))
Listener refused the connection with the following error:
ORA-12514, TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
 

2020-02-17 14:49:28.563 [ORAROOTAGENT(15500)]CRS-5822: Agent '/u01/app/product/12.2.0/crs/bin/orarootagent_root' disconnected from server. Details at (:CRSAGF00117:) {0:5:63832} in /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/crsd_orarootagent_root.trc.
2020-02-17 14:49:28.584 [ORAAGENT(15466)]CRS-5822: Agent '/u01/app/product/12.2.0/crs/bin/oraagent_grid' disconnected from server. Details at (:CRSAGF00117:) {0:1:36} in /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/crsd_oraagent_grid.trc.
2020-02-17 14:49:29.607 [GPNPD(3293)]CRS-2329: GPNPD on node cs1 shut down. 
2020-02-17 14:49:30.123 [OSYSMOND(6077)]CRS-8504: Oracle Clusterware OSYSMOND process with operating system process ID 6077 is exiting
2020-02-17 14:49:31.377 [MDNSD(3254)]CRS-5602: mDNS service stopping by request.
2020-02-17 14:49:31.747 [MDNSD(3254)]CRS-8504: Oracle Clusterware MDNSD process with operating system process ID 3254 is exiting
2020-02-17 14:49:46.650 [OCTSSD(5883)]CRS-2405: The Cluster Time Synchronization Service on host cs1 is shutdown by user
2020-02-17 14:49:46.651 [OCTSSD(5883)]CRS-8504: Oracle Clusterware OCTSSD process with operating system process ID 5883 is exiting
2020-02-17 14:49:47.651 [OCSSD(3616)]CRS-1603: CSSD on node cs1 has been shut down.
2020-02-17 14:49:47.958 [OCSSD(3616)]CRS-1660: The CSS daemon shutdown has completed
2020-02-17 14:49:47.959 [OCSSD(3616)]CRS-8504: Oracle Clusterware OCSSD process with operating system process ID 3616 is exiting
2020-02-17 14:49:49.726 [ORAAGENT(3235)]CRS-5822: Agent '/u01/app/product/12.2.0/crs/bin/oraagent_grid' disconnected from server. Details at (:CRSAGF00117:) {0:9:818} in /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/ohasd_oraagent_grid.trc.
2020-02-17 14:49:49.727 [ORAROOTAGENT(3029)]CRS-5822: Agent '/u01/app/product/12.2.0/crs/bin/orarootagent_root' disconnected from server. Details at (:CRSAGF00117:) {0:1:21} in /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/ohasd_orarootagent_root.trc.

根据上面的错误信息提示查看crsd_oraagent_grid.trc跟踪文件:

[root@cs1 ~]# more /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/crsd_oraagent_grid.trc
Trace file /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/crsd_oraagent_grid.trc
Oracle Database 12c Clusterware Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production Copyright 1996, 2016 Oracle. All rights reserved.

*** TRACE CONTINUED FROM FILE /u01/app/grid/diag/crs/cs1/crs/trace/crsd_oraagent_grid_910.trc ***

2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::regEndpoint 110 reset regEndPointDone:0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] generateEndPointStrings:generate endpoints
2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.129 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] generateEndPointStrings:No IP matching the subnet 88.88.88.0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.130 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] Ocr Context init default level 1814629536
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] Agent::getDeploymentPlatformId return 
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::generateEndPoints 000 entry {nonPriv
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::generateEndPoints 000 entry { lsnrResName: endpAttr:TCP:1526 type:4
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::generateEndPoints 040 Listener ResName:
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::removeDuplicates 
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::generateEndPoints 999 exit nonPriv}
2020-02-17 14:39:22.133 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] LsnrAgent::regEndpoint 200 endpStrings empty
2020-02-17 14:39:22.134 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] AsmLsnrAgent::init
2020-02-17 14:39:22.154 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.154 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.154 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.154 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] VendorType=0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.154 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] Cannot find an IP address matching the subnet 88.88.88.0
2020-02-17 14:39:22.154 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] Ocr Context init default level 1814629536
2020-02-17 14:39:22.157 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] Agent::getDeploymentPlatformId return 
2020-02-17 14:39:22.158 : CLSCEVT:2462013184: (:CLSCE0028:)clsce_unsubscribe 0x7f725c004510 successfully unsubscribed : 974833
2020-02-17 14:39:22.158 : USRTHRD:2462013184: {0:1:18} WorkerThread::removeWorker total workers: 2
2020-02-17 14:39:22.158 : USRTHRD:2462013184: {0:1:18} Worker::schedule adding worker 'ReconnSub-LsnrAgentSub-ASMNET1LSNR_ASM' to thread 'ReconnectingSubscribers'
2020-02-17 14:39:22.158 : USRTHRD:2462013184: {0:1:18} WorkerThread::addWorker total workers: 3
2020-02-17 14:39:22.158 :CLSDYNAM:2462013184: [ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr]{0:1:18} [check] Skipping CSS Initialization for rebootless recovery
2020-02-17 14:39:22.159 : CLSCEVT:2478823168: clsce_subscribe 0x7f72600d06b0 filter='(^CRS_RESOURCE_PROFILE_CHANGE.*RESOURCE_CLASS='(scan_vip|vip)')|(^CRS_RESOURCE_PROFILE_CHANGE.*TYPE='ora\.network\.type')', flags=1, handler=0xc6ad0c, 
arg=0x7f726016de10

从上面的错误信息中可以找到Cannot find an IP address matching the subnet 88.88.88.0，这说明私有IP丢失了。

如是查看网络IP地址
节点2私有IP正常

[grid@cs2 ~]$ ifconfig -a
ens160: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.191  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea0:92af  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 127560233  bytes 10186683662 (9.4 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 353  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 18954431  bytes 1554204413 (1.4 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens160:1: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.130  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

ens160:2: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.147  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

ens160:3: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.141  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

ens160:4: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.138  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

ens160:5: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.137  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

ens160:6: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.136  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:92:af  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

ens192: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 88.88.88.191  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 88.88.88.255
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea0:a05c  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 00:50:56:a0:a0:5c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 294716840  bytes 215309349272 (200.5 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 355  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 63703465  bytes 363393728693 (338.4 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens192:1: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 169.254.255.92  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 169.254.255.255
        ether 00:50:56:a0:a0:5c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 90029207  bytes 223833448058 (208.4 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 90029207  bytes 223833448058 (208.4 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:d0:6e:0b  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0-nic: flags=4098  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:d0:6e:0b  txqueuelen 500  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0


[grid@cs2 ~]$ cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1      localhost
10.13.13.190  cs1
10.13.13.191  cs2

#10.13.13.192 cs1-vip.jy.net cs1-vip
#10.13.13.193 cs2-vip.jy.net cs2-vip

88.88.88.190   cs1-priv.jy.net cs1-priv
88.88.88.191   cs2-priv.jy.net cs2-priv


10.13.13.141 cs-cluster-scan 
10.13.13.142 cs-cluster-scan 
10.13.13.143 cs-cluster-scan

节点1的私有IP丢失

[root@cs1 ~]# ifconfig -a
ens160: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.13.13.190  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.13.13.255
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea0:4e69  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        inet6 2018::2  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0
        ether 00:50:56:a0:4e:69  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 53266410  bytes 3937179306 (3.6 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 143  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2988621  bytes 284679938 (271.4 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens192: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea0:17dc  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 00:50:56:a0:17:dc  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 70361859  bytes 5602168856 (5.2 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 141  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 24902418  bytes 195063342601 (181.6 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 30235303  bytes 10958756943 (10.2 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 30235303  bytes 10958756943 (10.2 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:d0:6e:0b  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0-nic: flags=4098  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:d0:6e:0b  txqueuelen 500  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

设置私有IP

[root@cs1 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-Ethernet_connection_ens192
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=no
NAME=ens192
UUID=8ec45d90-c1fb-4924-84a0-72f58fc9b82f
DEVICE=ens192
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=88.88.88.190
PREFIX=24
NETMASK=255.255.255.0

[root@cs1 network-scripts]# ifconfig -a
ens160: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 10.138.130.190  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.138.130.255
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea0:4e69  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        inet6 2018::2  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0
        ether 00:50:56:a0:4e:69  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 53277081  bytes 3937945677 (3.6 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 143  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2989099  bytes 284806540 (271.6 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens192: flags=4163  mtu 1500
        inet 88.88.88.190  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 88.88.88.255
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea0:17dc  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 00:50:56:a0:17:dc  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 70371906  bytes 5602881459 (5.2 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 141  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 24902428  bytes 195063343317 (181.6 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 30236949  bytes 10959017396 (10.2 GiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 30236949  bytes 10959017396 (10.2 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:d0:6e:0b  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0-nic: flags=4098  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:d0:6e:0b  txqueuelen 500  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@cs1 ~]# crsctl stop crs -f
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.mdnsd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.gpnpd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.crf’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.ctssd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.evmd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.asm’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.drivers.acfs’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.drivers.acfs’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.ctssd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.crf’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.gpnpd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.evmd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.mdnsd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.asm’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.cluster_interconnect.haip’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.cluster_interconnect.haip’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.cssd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.cssd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.gipcd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.driver.afd’ on ‘cs2’
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.driver.afd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.gipcd’ on ‘cs2’ succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on ‘cs2’ has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
[root@cs1 ~]# crsctl start crs
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

手动启动节点1的集群软件

[root@cs1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.ASMNET1LSNR_ASM.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.CRS.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.DN.dg
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      cs1                      STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      cs2                      STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.chad
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
               ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.proxy_advm
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      cs1                      STABLE
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      cs2                      STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN2.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.LISTENER_SCAN3.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
ora.MGMTLSNR
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      169.254.207.24 88.88
                                                             .88.190,STABLE
ora.asm
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      Started,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      Started,STABLE
      3        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.cs.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
                                                             racle/product/12.2.0
                                                             /db,STABLE
      2        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
                                                             racle/product/12.2.0
                                                             /db,STABLE
ora.cs1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
ora.cs2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
ora.gns
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.gns.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.mgmtdb
      1        ONLINE  OFFLINE      cs1                      Open,STABLE
ora.qosmserver
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
ora.scan2.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs2                      STABLE
ora.scan3.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       cs1                      STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

到此恢复正常状态。

DM7 SQL域

Posted on 2020年2月20日 by YongJing(敬勇)

管理SQL域
为了支持SQL标准中的域对象定义与使用，DM支持DOMAIN的创建、删除以及授权DDL语句，并支持在表定义中使用DOMAIN。域（DOMAIN）是一个可允许值的集合。域在模式中定义，并由< 域名>标识。域是用来约束由各种操作存储于基表中某列的有效值集。域定义说明一种数据类型，它也能进一步说明约束域的有效值的< 域约束>，还可说明一个< 缺省子句>，该子句规定没有显式指定值时所要用的值或列的缺省值。

创建DOMAIN
CREATE DOMAIN 创建一个新的数据域。定义域的用户成为其所有者。DOMAIN为模式类型对象，其名称在模式内唯一。

举例说明

SQL> CREATE DOMAIN DA INT CHECK (VALUE < 100);
executed successfully
used time: 11.754(ms). Execute id is 148.

SQL> select name,id from sysobjects where name='DA';

LINEID     NAME ID         
---------- ---- -----------
1          DA   419430401

used time: 0.945(ms). Execute id is 149.

使用 DOMAIN
在表定义语句中，支持为表列声明使用域。如果列声明的类型定义使用域引用，则此列定义直接继承域中的数据类型、缺省值以及CHECK 约束。如果列定义使用域，然后又自己定义了缺省值，则最终使用自己定义的缺省值。用户可以使用自己的域。如果要使用其它用户的域，则必须被授予了该域的USAGE 权限。DBA 角色默认拥有此权限。
例如在 T 表中使用上面创建的域DA。

SQL> CREATE TABLE T(ID DA);
executed successfully
used time: 12.655(ms). Execute id is 149.

SQL> select name,id from sysobjects where name='T';

LINEID     NAME ID         
---------- ---- -----------
1          T    1540

used time: 1.255(ms). Execute id is 157.
SQL> select * from syscolumns where id=1540;

LINEID     NAME ID          COLID       TYPE$   LENGTH$     SCALE       NULLABLE$ DEFVAL INFO1       INFO2      
---------- ---- ----------- ----------- ------- ----------- ----------- --------- ------ ----------- -----------
1          ID   1540        0           INTEGER 4           0           Y         NULL   0           0

used time: 1.249(ms). Execute id is 158.

SQL> insert into t values(1);   
affect rows 1

used time: 1.180(ms). Execute id is 160.
SQL> insert into t values(100);
insert into t values(100);
[-6604]:Violate check constraint of [CONS134218952].
used time: 1.176(ms). Execute id is 0.

列定义虽然使用了域后，其SYSCOLUMNS 系统表中类型相关字段记录域定义的数据类型。也就是说，从SYSCOLUMNS 系统表中不会表现出对域的引用。使用某个域的用户必须具有该域的USAGE DOMAIN 或USAGE ANY DOMAIN 权限。

删除DOMAIN
删除一个用户定义的域。用户可以删除自己拥有的域，具有DROP ANY TABLE系统权限的用户则可以删除任意模式下的域。RESTRICT表示仅当DOMAIN未被表列使用时才可以被删除； CASCADE表示级联删除。
例如:

SQL> DROP DOMAIN DA CASCADE;
executed successfully
used time: 29.834(ms). Execute id is 163.

DM7 数组索引

Posted on 2020年2月18日 by YongJing(敬勇)

数组索引指在一个只包含单个数组成员的对象列上创建的索引。

数组索引定义语句
语法格式
CREATE ARRAY INDEX < 索引名> ON [< 模式名>.] < 表名> (< 索引列定义>)
使用说明
1) 暂不支持在水平分区表上创建数组索引；
2) 暂时不支持在有数组索引表上进行批量装载(数组索引失效的例外)；
3) 支持创建数组索引的对象只能包含数组一个成员。数组可以是DM静态数组、动态数组或者ORACLE兼容的嵌套表或VARRAY；
4) 数组项类型只能是可比较的标量类型，不支持复合类型、对象类型或大字段类型；
5) 临时表、垂直分区表不支持；
6) 数组索引不支持改名；
7) 数组索引列不支持改名；
8) 数组索引只能是单索引，不能为组合索引；
9) 不支持空值的检索
10) MPP环境不支持数组索引。

数组索引修改语句
数组索引修改语句与普通索引用法相同，请参考3.7节。与普通索引不同的是，数组索引不支持NOSORT和ONLINE用法。

数组索引使用
使用数组索引进行查询，必须使用谓词CONTAINS。
语法格式
CONTAINS(< 索引列名>,)
或者
CONTAINS(< 索引列名>,arr_var_exp)
参数
val：必须为与对象列数组项相同或可转换的标量类型表达式。
arr_var_exp：必须为数组类型（DM静态数组、动态数组或者ORACLE兼容的嵌套表或VARRAY），其数组项类型必须与对象列数组项类型相同或可转换。

举例说明

SQL> CREATE TYPE ARR_NUM1 IS VARRAY(1024) OF NUMBER; --VARRAY数组
2   /
executed successfully
used time: 17.012(ms). Execute id is 81.
SQL> CREATE TYPE ARR_NUM2 IS TABLE OF NUMBER; --嵌套表
2   /
executed successfully
used time: 11.795(ms). Execute id is 82.
SQL> CREATE TYPE ARR_NUM3 IS ARRAY NUMBER[]; --动态
2   /
executed successfully
used time: 14.784(ms). Execute id is 83.
SQL> CREATE TYPE ARR_NUM4 IS ARRAY NUMBER[3]; --静态
2   /
executed successfully
used time: 14.017(ms). Execute id is 84.
SQL> CREATE CLASS CLS1 AS V ARR_NUM1;END;
2   /
executed successfully
used time: 12.893(ms). Execute id is 85.

SQL> CREATE TABLE TEST (C1 CLS1);
executed successfully
used time: 16.078(ms). Execute id is 87.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST VALUES(CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2,3)));
affect rows 1

used time: 1.537(ms). Execute id is 88.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST VALUES(CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2)));
affect rows 1

used time: 1.074(ms). Execute id is 89.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST VALUES(CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,1)));
affect rows 1

used time: 1.149(ms). Execute id is 90.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST VALUES(CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,5)));
affect rows 1

used time: 1.110(ms). Execute id is 91.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST VALUES(CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,4)));
affect rows 1

used time: 1.068(ms). Execute id is 92.
SQL> INSERT INTO TEST VALUES(CLS1(ARR_NUM1(4,5,6)));
affect rows 1

used time: 1.152(ms). Execute id is 93.
SQL> commit;
executed successfully
used time: 17.231(ms). Execute id is 94.
SQL> select * from test;

LINEID     C1
---------- ------------------------
1          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2,3))
2          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2))
3          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,1))
4          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,5))
5          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,4))
6          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(4,5,6))

6 rows got

used time: 1.063(ms). Execute id is 95.
SQL> CREATE ARRAY INDEX IDX ON TEST(C1); --创建数组索引
2   /
executed successfully
used time: 20.879(ms). Execute id is 97.
SQL> SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE CONTAINS(C1,1,2,3); --使用数组索引查询
2   /

LINEID     C1
---------- ------------------------
1          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2,3))
2          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2))
3          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,1))
4          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,5))
5          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,4))

used time: 3.400(ms). Execute id is 98.

SQL> --嵌套表
2   DECLARE
3   X ARR_NUM2;
4   BEGIN
5   X := ARR_NUM2();
6   X.EXTEND(3);
7   X(1) := 1;
8   X(2) := 2;
9   X(3) := 3;
10  SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE CONTAINS(C1,X);
11  END;
12  /

LINEID     C1
---------- ------------------------
1          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2,3))
2          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,5))
3          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,1))
4          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2))
5          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,4))

used time: 7.179(ms). Execute id is 100.
SQL> --动态数组
2   DECLARE
3   X ARR_NUM3;
4   BEGIN
5   X := NEW NUMBER [3];
6   X[1]:= 1;
7   X[2]:= 2;
8   X[3]:= 3;
9   SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE CONTAINS(C1,X);
10  END;
11  /

LINEID     C1
---------- ------------------------
1          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2,3))
2          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,5))
3          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,1))
4          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2))
5          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,4))

used time: 6.016(ms). Execute id is 102.

SQL> --静态数组
2   DECLARE
3   X ARR_NUM4;
4   BEGIN
5   X[1]:= 1;
6   X[2]:= 2;
7   X[3]:= 3;
8   SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE CONTAINS(C1,X);
9   END;
10  /

LINEID     C1
---------- ------------------------
1          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2,3))
2          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,5))
3          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,1))
4          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(1,2))
5          JY.CLS1(ARR_NUM1(2,4))

used time: 5.688(ms). Execute id is 104.

数组索引删除语句
数组索引删除语句与普通索引用法相同

SQL> drop index idx;
executed successfully
used time: 402.153(ms). Execute id is 106.
SQL> SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE CONTAINS(C1,1,2,3);
SELECT * FROM TEST WHERE CONTAINS(C1,1,2,3);
[-3252]:Error in line: 1
The array index is not created on the column[C1].
used time: 1.016(ms). Execute id is 0.

PLSQL通过Oracle 11g客户端连接Oracle 12c服务器错误 ORA-28040

Posted on 2020年2月17日 by YongJing(敬勇)

PLSQL通过Oracle 11g客户端连接Oracle 12c服务器错误 ORA-28040
环境描述:
oracle服务器端版本：oracle 12.2.0.1.0
oracle客户端版本：oracle 11.2.0.1.0
PLSQL是11.4

因为PLSQL连接数据库也是要通过Oracle客户端，那么使用11g客户端访问oracle 12c应该也会得到如下错误：

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus sys/abcd@shardcat as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Dec 20 22:22:07 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-28040: No matching authentication protocol

查看关于错误的详细描述:

[oracle@shard1 admin]$ oerr ora 28040
28040, 0000, "No matching authentication protocol"
// *Cause:  There was no acceptable authentication protocol for
//          either client or server.
// *Action: The administrator should set the values of the
//          SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER and
//          SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT parameters, on both the
//          client and on the server, to values that match the minimum
//          version software supported in the system.
//          This error is also raised when the client is authenticating to
//          a user account which was created without a verifier suitable for
//          the client software version. In this situation, that account's
//          password must be reset, in order for the required verifier to
//          be generated and allow authentication to proceed successfully.

在服务器端查看表：dba_users，PASSWORD_VERSIONS 列是：11G 12C

SQL> select username, account_status,password_versions from dba_users where account_status='OPEN';

USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS                                                   PASSWORD_VERSIONS
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------
SYS                            OPEN                                                             11G 12C
SYSTEM                         OPEN                                                             11G 12C
GSMCATUSER                     OPEN                                                             11G 12C
JY                             OPEN                                                             11G 12C
MYGDSADMIN                     OPEN                                                             11G 12C
APP_SCHEMA                     OPEN                                                             11G 12C

6 rows selected.

服务器端：修改 sqlnet.ora 配置：（配置修改后，不需要重启oracle服务器）我这里是新创建的sqlnet.ora，因为原来没有创建

[oracle@shard1 admin]$ ls -lrt
总用量 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1441 8月  28 2015 shrept.lst
drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall   61 10月 12 2017 samples
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  960 1月  18 2018 tnsnames.ora
-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall  504 2月  17 12:58 listener.ora
[oracle@shard1 admin]$ vi sqlnet.ora
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=11
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=11

客户端：再次尝试连接，提示用户名密码错误：

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus sys/abcd@shardcat as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Dec 20 22:16:06 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

修改服务器端 sqlnet.ora 后，需要重新登录sqlplus，再修改用户密码，否则修改用户密码后，标记的密码版本仍然为11G 12C；重新登录sqlplus，修改scott用户密码，并查看 PASSWORD_VERSIONS，多了一个 10G

[oracle@shard1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/abcd@shardcat as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Feb 17 13:07:28 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> alter user sys identified by "abcd";

User altered.


SQL> select username, account_status,password_versions from dba_users where account_status='OPEN';

USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS                                                   PASSWORD_VERSIONS
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------
SYS                            OPEN                                                             10G 11G 12C
SYSTEM                         OPEN                                                             11G 12C
GSMCATUSER                     OPEN                                                             11G 12C
JY                             OPEN                                                             11G 12C
MYGDSADMIN                     OPEN                                                             11G 12C
APP_SCHEMA                     OPEN                                                             11G 12C

6 rows selected.

客户端：再次尝试登录oracle 12c，成功:

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus sys/abcd@shardcat as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Dec 20 22:22:39 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL>

总结:oracle11g 客户端连接 oracle 12c服务器，需要在服务器端配置 sqlnet.ora，并重新修改用户密码。

DM7 外部表

Posted on 2020年2月9日2020年2月9日 by YongJing(敬勇)

DM7 外部表
需指定如下信息：
1. 表名、表所属的模式名；
2. 列定义；
3. 控制文件路径。
语法格式
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE < 表名定义> < 表结构定义>;
< 表名定义> ::=[< 模式名>.]< 表名>
< 表结构定义> ::= (< 列定义> {,< 列定义>})
< 列定义> ::= < 列名> < 数据类型>
FROM子句 = FROM子句1 | FROM子句2 | FROM子句3| FROM子句4
FROM子句1 ::= FROM ‘< 控制文件路径>‘
FROM子句2 ::= FROM DATAFILE ‘< 数据文件路径>‘ [< 数据文件参数列表>]
FROM子句3 ::= FROM < 控制文件目录> < 控制文件选项>
FROM子句4 ::= FROM DATAFILE < 数据文件目录> < 数据文件选项> [< 数据文件参数列表>]
< 数据文件参数列表> ::= PARMS(< 参数选项> {,< 参数选项>})
< 参数选项> ：：= [FIELDS DELIMITED BY < 表达式>] | [RECORDS DELIMITED BY < 表达式>]|[ ERRORS ]|[BADFILE ‘< 数据文件路径>‘]| |［LOG < 日志文件路径>］|［NULL_STR ］|［SKIP < 跳过行数>］|［CHARACTER_CODE < 文件字符集>］
< 控制文件目录> ::= DEFAULT DIRECTORY < 控制文件目录名>
< 控制文件选项> ::= LOCATION (‘< 控制文件名>‘)
< 数据文件目录> ::= DEFAULT DIRECTORY < 数据文件目录名>
< 数据文件选项> ::= LOCATION (‘< 数据文件名>‘)

参数
1. < 模式名> 指明该表属于哪个模式，缺省为当前模式；
2. < 表名> 指明被创建的外部基表名；
3. < 列名> 指明基表中的列名；
4. < 数据类型> 指明列的数据类型，暂不支持多媒体类型；
5. < 控制文件路径> 指明使用的控制文件的路径的字符串；
6. < 数据文件路径> 指明使用的数据文件路径的字符串；
7. < 参数选项> FIELDS表示列分隔符；RECORDS表示行分隔符；ERRORS表示忽略外部表数据转换中出现错误的行数，取值范围为大于0的正整
数，缺省为0，表示不忽略错误。此处ERRORS 和控制文件中的ERRORS写一个就行，如果都写，以控制文件中的为主；LOG表示日志文件路径，
默认日志文件名为fldr.log；NULL_STR指定数据文件中NULL值的表示字符串，默认忽略此参数；SKIP指定跳过数据文件起始的逻辑行数，默
认为0；CHARACTER_CODE指定数据文件中数据的编码格式，默认为GBK，可选项有GBK，UTF-8，SINGLE_BYTE和EUC-KR；
8. < 表达式> 字符串或十六进制串类型表达式，列分隔符只允许字符串类型；
9. < 控制文件目录名> 指数据库对象目录的名称。
图例

语句功能
供DBA或具有CREATE_TABLE权限的用户定义外部基表。MPP环境下不支持创建外部表。
使用说明
1. < 表名>指定了所要建立的外部基表名。如果< 模式名>缺省，则缺省为当前模式。表名需要是合法的标识符。且满足SQL语法要求；
2. 外部表的表名最大长度为128个字符；
3. 所建外部基表至少要包含一个< 列名>指定的列，在一个外部基表中，各< 列名>不得相同。一张外部基表中至多可以包含2048列；
4. 外部基表不能存在大字段列；
5. 外部基表不能存在任何约束条件；
6. 外部基表不能为临时表，不能建立分区；
7. 外部基表上不能建立任何索引；
8. 外部基表是只读的，不存在表锁，不允许任何针对外部表的增删改数据操作，不允许truncate外部表操作；
9. 控制文件路径，以及数据文件路径建议采用绝对路径；
10. 控制文件的格式为：

[OPTIONS(
errors=
)]
LOAD [DATA]
INFILE [LIST] |
INTO TABLE tablename
FIELDS

其中：
OPTIONS选项：可选部分，目前OPTIONS中仅支持errors选项，用于指定忽略数据转换出现错误的行数；此处errors 和< 参数选项>中的errors写一个就行，如果都写，以此处控制文件中的为主。：指明使用的数据文件列表；
tablename：指明表名，创建外部表时，表名可以与此不同；
：指明同一行中各个列的分隔符；
11. 数据文件中一行数据必须以回车结束；
12. 外部表支持查询ROWID、USER和UID伪列，不支持查询TRXID伪列。

举例说明
例1 指定操作系统的一个文本文件作为数据文件，编写控制文件及建表语句。数据文件（/home/dmdba/data.txt），数据如下：

a|abc|varchar_data|12.34|12.34|12.34|12.34|0|1|1|1234|1234|1234|100|11|1234|1|1|14.2|12.1|12.1|1999-10-01|9:10:21|2002-12-12|15

控制文件（/home/dmdba/ctrl.txt）如下：

load data
infile '/home/dmdba/data.txt'
into table ext
fields '|'

建表：

SQL> create external table ext (
2   l_char char(1),
3   l_character character(3),
4   l_varchar varchar(20),
5   l_numeric numeric(6,2),
6   l_decimal decimal(6,2),
7   l_dec dec(6,2),
8   l_money decimal(19,4),
9   l_bit bit,
10  l_bool bit,
11  l_boolean bit,
12  l_integer integer,
13  l_int int,
14  l_bigint bigint,
15  l_tinyint tinyint,
16  l_byte byte,
17  l_smallint smallint,
18  l_binary binary,
19  l_varbinary varbinary,
20  l_float float,
21  l_double double,
22  l_real real,
23  l_date date,
24  l_time time,
25  l_timestamp timestamp,
26  l_interval interval year
27  )from '/home/dmdba/ctrl.txt';
executed successfully
used time: 62.123(ms). Execute id is 312.

系统执行建表语句后，就在数据库中建立了相应的外部基表。查询ext表：

SQL> select * from ext;

LINEID     L_CHAR L_CHARACTER L_VARCHAR    L_NUMERIC L_DECIMAL L_DEC L_MONEY L_BIT L_BOOL L_BOOLEAN L_INTEGER   L_INT       L_BIGINT             L_TINYINT   L_BYTE      L_SMALLINT  L_BINARY L_VARBINARY L_FLOAT                   L_DOUBLE                  L_REAL             L_DATE     L_TIME          L_TIMESTAMP                 L_INTERVAL           
---------- ------ ----------- ------------ --------- --------- ----- ------- ----- ------ --------- ----------- ----------- -------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -------- ----------- ------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------ ---------- --------------- --------------------------- ---------------------
1          a      abc         varchar_data 12.34     12.34     12.34 12.3400 0     1      1         1234        1234        1234                 100         11          1234        0x01     0x01        1.420000000000000E+01     1.210000000000000E+01     1.2100000E+01      1999-10-01 09:10:21        2002-12-12 00:00:00.000000  INTERVAL '15' YEAR(2)

used time: 7.248(ms). Execute id is 314.

例 2 指定操作系统的一个文本文件作为数据文件（/home/dmdba/data1.txt），数据如下：

10|9|7
4|3|2

建表:

SQL> create external table ext_2(c1 int,c2 int,c3 int) from datafile '/home/dmdba/data1.txt' parms(fields delimited by '|');
executed successfully
used time: 11.008(ms). Execute id is 331.

查询结果：

SQL> select * from ext_2;

LINEID     C1          C2          C3         
---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
1          10          9           7
2          4           3           2

used time: 8.222(ms). Execute id is 332.